Chemistry Project-Harry Sanchez

Aniline [C6H5NH2]

1834

In 1854 Pierre Berthelot synthesized tristearin, alcohols, methane, benzene and acetylene. (MOST COMPLICATED PRODUCT AT THAT TIME).

Aniline [C6H5NH2]

1850

AMINES

Period: 1850 to 2030

TIMELINE

Period: 1850 to 2050

Aniline (MAUVEINE-C26H23N4+X−)

1856

In 1856, while Holfman was away visiting his family, Perkin tried out an idea of ​​his and oxidized aniline. When diluting it to eliminate it, he observed that it colored, and he realized that he had obtained the first synthetic dye (purple aniline, malvein, or in his honor, Perkin's mallow).

Cocaine(C17H21NO4)

1868

Tomás Moreno y Maiz in 1868 he published a thesis entitled Recherches Chimiques et Physiologiques sur l'Érythroxylon coca du Pérou et la cocaine on coca, cocaine and their effects in what is considered the first study done on cocaine in history.3 In them concluded that the drug increases resistance to fatigue; It stimulates physically and mentally, provides general well-being, controls the effects of alcohol.4 The effect of cocaine as a local anesthetic was also experimentally demonstrated.

Phenylalanine (C9H11NO2)

1879

Present in proteins, phenylalanine is an essential amino acid that we absorb from the proteins we eat. Humans need phenylalanine to metabolize proteins. Children also need it for their growth. Phenylalanine is changed to tyrosine inside the body.
The first description of phenylalanine was made in 1879, when Schulze and Barbieri identified a compound with the empirical formula, C9H11NO2, in seedlings of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus).

Amphetamine (C9H13N)

1887

Amphetamine, first synthesized in 1887 by the Romanian chemist Lazăr Edeleanu, who named the compound phenylisopropylamine.
Amphetamine has been used as an agent to improve performance, both physical (initiating sports doping) and intellectual (cognitive doping). The indiscriminate dispensing of the product, together with public ignorance regarding its potential dangers and the absence of a suitable pharmacovigilance system, triggered phenomena of abuse and addiction.

Adrenaline (C9H13NO3)

1900

Japanese chemist Jokichi Takamine and his assistant Keizo Uenaka independently discovered adrenaline in 1900. Takamine successfully isolated and purified the hormone from the adrenal glands of sheep.
Epinephrine is used to treat a number of conditions such as cardiopulmonary arrest, anaphylaxis, and superficial bleeding. It has historically been used to treat bronchospasm and hypoglycemia, but more selective drugs are now preferred, such as salbutamol and dextrose respectively.

Dopamine (C8H11NO2)

1910

Dopamine was first artificially synthesized in 1910 by George Barger and James Ewens at the Wellcome Laboratories in London, England.
Dopamine has many functions in the brain, including important roles in behavior, cognition, motor activity, motivation, reward, regulation of milk production, sleep, mood, attention, and the learning.

Heroin (C21H23NO5)

1924

Heroin was first synthesized by Charles Romley Alder Wright at 1924, who managed to isolate it thanks to the acetylation of morphine hydrochloride, a product obtained from the opium poppy.
Heroin, diacetylmorphine or diamorphine in its International Nonproprietary Name, is an opioid with analgesic properties that is also less commonly used as a cough suppressant and antidiarrheal. Due to its euphoric effects, heroin is used as a semi-synthetic recreational drug.

Adenine (C5H5N5)

1959

Adenine is one of the four nitrogenous bases that are part of nucleic acids and in the genetic code it is represented by the letter A. The other three bases are guanine, cytosine and thymine in DNA. Adenine always pairs with thymine in DNA.
Experiments carried out in 1961 by the Catalan biochemist Joan Oró showed that a large amount of adenine could be synthesized from the polymerization of ammonium with five molecules of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in aqueous

Amoxicillin (C16H19N3O5S)

1972

Amoxicillin was tested for the first time in 1972. Since then it has been marketed, among others, by GlaxoSmithKline under the name Amoxil®, Clamoxyl® or Augmentin®.
Amoxicillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic derived from penicillin. It is an amino penicillin. It acts against a wide spectrum of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. For this reason it is often used as the first drug in infections of different severity, both in human and veterinary medicine.

Fluoxetine (C17H18F3NO)

1987

It was submitted to the FDA in February 1977, with Eli Lilly receiving final marketing approval for the drug in December 1987.
Fluoxetine is also occasionally used to treat alcoholism, attention deficit disorder, certain sleep disorders (particularly the cataplexy symptoms associated with narcolepsy), migraine headaches, post-traumatic stress disorder, Tourette syndrome, trichotillomania, obesity, and even some sexual problems.

Abacavir (C14H18N6O)

2002

Abacavir sulfate, also known as 1592U89, is a synthetic nucleoside analogue, reverse transcriptase inhibitor, used to treat HIV, which causes AIDS. There is a commercial brand that is sold in combination with other antiviral drugs (abacavir, zidovudine and lamivudine). It was approved for public use in 2001. It is on the WHO Essential Medicines list.
Abacavir is an analog of guanosine (a purine). Its objective is the inhibition of the reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Psilocybin (C12H17N2O4P)

2019

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring compound found in variable concentrations in around 200 species of basidiomycete fungi, mainly among the following genera: Psilocybe (116 species), Gymnopilus (14), Panaeolus (13), Copelandia (12), Hypholoma ( 6), Pluteus (6), Inocybe (6), Conocybe (4), Panaeolina (4), Gerronema (2) and Agrocybe, Galerina and Mycena (1 species each).