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3500 BCE
Bronze
In prehistory civilizations the discovered Bronze by mixing copper and tin. -
3000 BCE
Discovery of the elements
The great Greek philosopher Aristotle conceived an idea that everything on earth was made up of these elements. In ancient times, elements like gold and silver were readily accessible, however, the elements that Aristotle chose were Earth, Water, Fire, and Air. -
1553
Metal purification
It makes a purification of metals.The metal present in dissolved form in electrolyte get deposited on the cathode in the pure form. -
First microscope
The microscope was invented by Zacharias Janssen, a 2 lens microscope.
The microscope helps the observation of protozoa and bacteria and the development of the skills achieved in the field of microscopy were marking advances in the knowledge of living organisms
The microscope today continues to have the same function, it has simply been developed and its effectiveness has improved, but it is still the basis of the microscope of thousands of years ago -
First chemistry book
The first chemistry book is written, from which many formulas used today were taken -
Vacuum pump
Otto von Guericke developed a vacuum pump, he created it to demonstrate how the force of air pressure worked. Vacuum pump are usually used to get air from sealed space. -
Gravity
Gravity does far more than make things fall down. It governs the motion of planets around the sun, holds galaxies together and determines the structure of the universe. Due to gravity we can hit the ground without losing contact with it.
Isaac Newton is said to have conceived his law of universal gravitation while in the shade of an apple tree. -
Phosphorus
About 1669 he isolated from urine a white, waxy material and named it phosphorus (“light bearer”), because it glowed in the dark. Although Brand kept his process a secret, phosphorus was discovered independently in 1680 by an English chemist, Robert Boyle. -
boyle's law
Robert Boyle as the person who discovered that the volume of a gas decreases with increasing pressure and vice versa — the famous Boyle's law. A leading scientist and intellectual of his day, he was a great proponent of the experimental method. -
Steam Engine
Steam power became the energy source for many machines and vehicles, making it cheaper and easier to produce commodities in large amounts. Steam power allowed for factories to be located anywhere. It also provided reliable power and could be used to power large machines. Steam engines were used in all sorts of applications including factories, mines, locomotives, and steamboats -
Classification of metals
The King Hammurabi started to classify the metals Like: gold, silver, iron, copper, as well as he gave them economic value of each of this metals. -
Cobalt
Georg Brandt became the first named person in history to discover a new metal when he deduced that the color of a blue pigment used in glass making came from a previously unidentified metal – cobalt. -
Platinum Discovery
Antonio de Ulloa discovers platinum in South America, the first chemical element discovered in America. -
The first vaccine
The creation of the vaccine greatly benefited people, the vaccine makes that the people did not get sick and avoid so many deaths. A vaccine stimulates your immune system to produce antibodies, exactly like it would if you were exposed to the disease. After getting vaccinated, you develop immunity to that disease, without having to get the disease first. -
telegraph
Samuel Morse independently developed and patented a recording electric telegraph. Big businesses, helped by the telegraph, improved the standard of living for regular Americans. -
Introduction of mathematics to chemistry
Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov introduces mathematics into chemistry. -
Inflammable air
Henry Cavendish in 1766 isolated hydrogen and called it Inflammable air. -
Nomenclature
Chemical nomenclature method of Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier and Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau. -
First chemical battery
Alessandri Volta produced the first chemical battery, thus founding electrochemistry.
The chemical battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy by a transient chemical process.Batteries of course are still used but in the 20th century the chemical advances were surprising reason why the use of batteries decreases impressively, almost everything already uses renewable energy. -
Dalton's law
Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the partial pressure pi of ideal gas i in a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the pressure gas i would exert if it alone occupied the volume of the mixture at the temperature of the mixture. -
The use of chlorine as bleach
Chlorine bleach is formed by mixing water with the chlorine-based compound sodium hypochlorite. This widely available product is commonly used as either a whitening and disinfecting agent in laundry or an all-purpose disinfectant with broad applications. -
Avogadro’s law
The law was first proposed in 1811 by Amedeo Avogadro, a professor of higher physics at the University of Turin for many years, but it was not generally accepted until after 1858, when an Italian chemist, Stanislao Cannizzaro, constructed a logical system of chemistry based on it. -
Caffeine
Caffeine is a white crystalline alkaloid found in nuts and plants. It was discovered and isolated by Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge in 1819.It benefits people by boosting the central nervous system by increasing energy levels while reducing fatigue and tiredness and increasing mental focus and concentration. -
Electricity
Benjamin Franklin with his famous kite experiment, showed that the energy of storms and that of Leyden bottles were the same thing, thus establishing the science of electricity. He began research on what we know today as electricity, Electricity has many uses in our day to day life. It is used for lighting rooms, working fans and domestic appliances like using electric stoves and more. All these provide comfort to people. -
Electromagnetic induction
Created by Michael Faraday in 1831 discovered electromagnetic induction, which consist in the moving of magnets through
an electrical conductor. -
Moldboard Plow
Can provide soil pulverization and nearly complete burial of weed seeds and residue. The actual use of it is taking care of the land: Burying trash and crop residue, aerating the soil, helping to control disease and pest pressure. -
Chemical structure
Created the chemical structure explaining how it works with carbon atoms. -
The Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements.
Dmitry Mendeleyev formulated the periodic table to make it easier to identify the known elements, without the need to memorize the characteristics of each element.
The use of the periodic table remains the same, helping us to identify each chemical without having to memorize it, this facilitates making chemical formulas and more, -
Pasteurisation
Process discovered by the French chemical scientist Louis Pasteur, together with Claude Bernard on April 20, 1864. -
Plastic
In 1869 Jhon Weasley Hyatt creates celluloid plastic as a substitute of ivory. -
DNA structure
This discovery is one of the most important achievements of science in human history. The DNA molecule was discovered by Friedrich Miescher, who found it by inspecting salmon sperm and pus from open wounds. Since he found it only in the nuclei, he called it Nuclein. -
Radio waves
Heinrich Hertz discovered radio waves through the using of a copper wire receiver and a transmitter. Radio waves are important since the can be use for communication like talking in the phone, using the radio etc. Electronics mostly transmit radio waves. -
Liquid crystals
There were discovered by the Austrian chemist and botanist Friedrich Reinitzer, They are used in all kinds of display devices including computer monitors and laptop screens, TVs, clocks, visors, and navigation systems. -
X-rays
They were discovered accidentally by Wilhem Roetgen. At the time of the discovery, Roetgen was conducting experiments with cathode ray radiation. It was then that you noticed that the rays are capable of being fixed on opaque black paper. This creates a shape that sparkles brilliantly.Today x-rays are still the most useful tool for the study of bones.
They are used to evaluate bone areas that present pain, deformities or where an abnormality is suspected. -
Radioactivity
Radioactivity was discovered by the French scientist Antoine Henri Becquerel, Today, to benefit humankind, radiation is used in medicine, academics, and industry, as well as for generating electricity. In addition, radiation has useful applications in such areas as agriculture, archaeology, space exploration, law enforcement, geology, and many others. -
Electrons
The English physicist Joseph John Thompson discovers the electron.
Many scientists worked with cathode tubes which created streams of electricity, but they were not sure how it actually worked. -
Polythene
In 1898 Hans von Pechmann investigated that Polythene was made of long molecular chains. -
Air conditioning
The first electrical air conditioning was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier in the year 1902. He was also known as the Father of Modern Air Conditioning. His invention was designed to improve the manufacturing process of a printing plant. -
Noble gases
Scottish scientist William Ramsay discovered the noble gases helium, neon, krypton, xenon, and argon in 1904, by stuffing and observing the density realized by unknown gases in the air. -
Atomic model
Niels Bohr, a Danish physicist, proposes the model of the atom that we know today.
Which serves to understand how matter works, and what its reactions are, to know the elements and their properties, to know the duality of energy wave and matter, and today being used since it is an easy way to understand the atoms. -
Solar panel
New York inventor Charles Fritts (1850-1903) managed to materialize the photovoltaic effect with a device that became the origin of today's solar panels.olar power systems derive clean, pure energy from the sun. Uses captured sunlight to create photovoltaic power or concentrated solar power for solar heating. -
Penicillin
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by observing its Petri dishes that contained bacterias that provoke boils, after analysis one he noticed how it one had like mold but latter on it this he saw that this mold let out some "juice" or substance that made bacterias go like if it was inhabitable for them. -
Alcoholic fermentation
Pasteur was the first to demonstrate experimentally that fermented beverages result from the action of living yeast transforming glucose into ethanol.
Fermentation also promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, known as probiotics. Probiotics have been shown to improve immune function as well as digestive and heart health.This type of fermentation is carried out by yeasts and some bacteria. It is used to make bread, wine, and biofuels -
Teflon
It is heat-resistant and cold-resistant, it is chemical-resistant, it has great electrical properties, a wide range of products can be coated in teflon, it has an excellent service life, retaining its properties over a long period of time. -
Nylon
helps people a lot and does not pollute the planet so much, It has excellent abrasion & wear resistance, It has high tensile and compressive strength,It's known for its low coefficient of friction it makes for easy machining.Nylon polymers have found significant commercial applications in fabric and fibers,in shapes, and in films. -
LSD
Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann, who synthesized LSD in 1943.SD from a drug that can negatively affect mental health and wellbeing, to one that can alleviate the symptoms of anxiety and depression. -
Discover of chromatography
Archer Martin in 1944 discovered chromatography. -
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Was discovered simultaneously by Edward Purcell at Harvard and Felix Bloch at Stanford using different instrumentation and techniques.s widely used to determine the structure of organic molecules in solution and study molecular physics and crystals as well as non-crystalline materials. -
Proteins
Frederick Sanger discovers the structure of proteins specially insuline. -
Taxol
it is one of the most effective treatments of cancer in the world. This drug works by preventing cells from dividing, which ultimately leads to the death of the cell. Taxol is an anticancer ("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug. Taxol is classified as a "plant alkaloid", "taxane" and an "antimicrotubular agent".