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Behaviorism
the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns. -
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Chapter 7
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GI Bill
established hospitals, made low-interest mortgages available and granted stipends covering tuition and expenses for veterans attending college or trade schools. -
Baby Boom
elevated birthrate, unparalleled in American history, added more than 50 million babies by the end of the 1950's. -
Desegregation and Busing
practice of assigning and transporting students to schools within or outside their local school districts in an effort to reduce the racial segregation in schools. -
Brown v. the Board of Education
landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. -
National Defense Education Act
provided federal funding to “insure trained manpower of sufficient quality and quantity to meet the national defense needs of the United States.” -
Computer Revolution
sales of computers in the hundreds of millions, with their diffusion throughout society making an impact on the same scale as that of the automobile, television, or the telephone. -
Martin Luther's I Have a Dream Speech
to expose the American public to the injustice of racial inequality and to persuade them to stop discriminating on the basis of race. -
Civil Rights Act
outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
brought education into the forefront of the national assault on poverty and represented a landmark commitment to equal access to quality education -
Project Head Start
provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and families. -
Bilingual Education
the teaching of academic content in two languages, in a native and second language. -
Back To The Basics Movement
reaction against the personal freedom movement of the 1970s, which emphasized drug use and sexual freedom, symbolized by the culture of the "hippies." -
Title IX
federal law that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
to support states and localities in protecting the rights of, meeting the individual needs of, and improving the results for Hector and other infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities and their families -
Nation at Risk
america's educational system was failing to educate students well. -
Rise of Internet
IBM helped create a network of supercomputer centers dubbed NSFNET (the National Science Foundation Network), one of the first networks to use TCP/IP. -
National Council on Education Standards and Testing
The council was created for the purpose of providing “advice on the desirability and feasibility of national standards and testing in education.” NCEST had 32 members, most of whom were appointed by the Secretary of Education. -
Goals 2000 of 1994
The Act provides resources to states and communities to ensure that all students reach their full potential. -
Rise of Career Clusters
provide students with a context for studying traditional academics and learning the skills specific to a career, and provide U.S. schools with a structure for organizing or restructuring curriculum offerings and focusing class make-up by a common theme such as interest. -
September 11, 2001
19 members of a terrorist group called al-Qaeda hijacked four U.S. airplanes and used them to strike various targets on the East Coast. The carefully planned attacks killed nearly 3,000 people, making it the worst attack on the United States in history. -
No Child Left Behind Act
a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. To receive federal school funding, states had to give these assessments to all students at select grade levels.