Chapter 3&4 Test

Dark Age

1100 BCE

A time period to where almost all of the written history disappeared. So a lack of knowledge arose and the Dark Age name appeared. The population also decreased within this time period of 1100 to around 750 and Homer's work appeared near the end of the Dark Age.

The Greek Polis

750 BCE

The Greek polis was an area of land that people lived in. Within that area of land, there was a central point like a city that the people of the polis could go to and assemble for political, social, and religious activities. An example of a polis could be Athens.

Homer

750 BCE

Homer made Greece memorable by creating his works of the Illiad and the Odyssey. Those works were used to teach people his fictional history because the real history had been lost or forgotten during the dark age. This, in turn, led to a people that based who they wanted to be off of Homer's works.

Greek Philosophy

600 BCE

Philosophy began in Greece and led to people questioning different aspects of life to become wiser as a whole. Schools were started to teach people and eventually some based their lives off of a philosophy aimed towards being happy.

Aeschylus

525 BCE

Aeschylus played a major part in the creation of tragedies. He is the first recorded tragedian and usually created his plays in trilogies although only one trilogy has fully survived through time. The idea of creating a tragedy has remained and has been used by other playwrights as well as in motion pictures today.

Democracy

500 BCE

The idea of democracy began in Athens, Greece and was led by Cleisthenes. This idea of the people holding the power and not a powerful few holding power is one that has lasted up to the current day. Without the Greeks creating this idea our current world would be much different than it currently is.

The Great Peloponnesian War

431 BCE

This war came into being because of a fear that the Athenians would become too large. The Spartans gave Athens an ultimatum and Athens refused. After some fighting, the Peace of Nicias was put in place and was supposed to keep the peace between the two powers. The peace did not last though and the Athenian empire was defeated and dissolved.

Alexander the Great

356 BCE

Alexander took over his father's kingdom at the young age of 20 and led his people to grow into an empire. Alexander was a knowledgeable leader that knew how to attack his enemies even if they were largely outnumbered and on an unfavorable battlefield. He also helped to spread the Hellenistic culture.

Herophilus and Erasistratus

300 BCE

Herophilus and Erasistratus both helped to add an understanding of the human body and how it works. Herophilus with the brain, eye, liver, reproductive system, and nervous system and Erasistratus with digestion. Those discoveries led to future advancements for human anatomy and future medicine.

Archimedes

287 BCE

Archimedes was responsible for large advancements in science. A few of his achievements include a mathematical value of pi, the creation of the lever, and compound pullies. All of those achievements Archimedes was responsible for have been used up to modern times.