Chapter 21

  • 1492

    Spain expelled the Muslims and Jews

    Spain expelled the Muslims and Jews
  • 1547

    Ivan IV (the Terrible) became the Czar of Russia

    Ivan IV (the Terrible) became the Czar of Russia
  • 1556

    Philip II became the leader of Spain

    Philip II became the leader of Spain
  • 1563

    Philip II's palace, Escorial, was built

    Philip II's palace, Escorial, was built
  • 1568

    The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule began

    The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule began
  • 1572

    St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred

    St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred
  • 1581

    The Dutch republic was created

    The Dutch republic was created
  • Philip II's Spanish Armada was defeated by England

    Philip II's Spanish Armada was defeated by England
  • Henry IV became the first king of the Bourbon dynasty in France

    Henry IV became the first king of the Bourbon dynasty in France
  • Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes

    Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes
  • Oliver Cromwell became the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in England

    Oliver Cromwell became the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in England
  • James I became the King of England

    James I became the King of England
  • Miguel Cervantes published Don Quixote

    Miguel Cervantes published Don Quixote
  • Beginning of Thirty Year's War

    Beginning of Thirty Year's War
  • Jean Baptiste Colbert became the minister of finance in France

    Jean Baptiste Colbert became the minister of finance in France
  • Charles I signed the Petition of Right in England

    Charles I signed the Petition of Right in England
  • Louis XIV's Palace of Versailles was completed

    Louis XIV's Palace of Versailles was completed
  • Louis XIV became the king of France

    Louis XIV became the king of France
  • Frederick William became the Elector of Brandenburg

    Frederick William became the Elector of Brandenburg
  • The English Civil War began

    The English Civil War began
  • The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Year's War

    The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Year's War
  • Charles II became the King of England (thus beginning the Restoration)

    Charles II became the King of England (thus beginning the Restoration)
  • Peter I (the Great) became the Czar of Russia

    Peter I (the Great) became the Czar of Russia
  • Louis XIV cancelled the Edict of Nantes

    Louis XIV cancelled the Edict of Nantes
  • Charles VI became the Hapsburg ruler

    Charles VI became the Hapsburg ruler
  • James II became the King of England

    James II became the King of England
  • WIlliam and Mary became the king and Queen of England (Glorious Revolution)

    WIlliam and Mary became the king and Queen of England (Glorious Revolution)
  • The English Bill of Rights was issued in England

    The English Bill of Rights was issued in England
  • Treaty of Utrecht was signed ending the War of the Spanish Succession

    Treaty of Utrecht was signed ending the War of the Spanish Succession
  • Peter I moved the capital of Russia to St. Petersburg

    Peter I moved the capital of Russia to St. Petersburg
  • Maria Theresa became the leader of Austria

    Maria Theresa became the leader of Austria
  • Frederick II (the Great) became the leader of Prussia

    Frederick II (the Great) became the leader of Prussia
  • The War of the Austrian Succession began

    The War of the Austrian Succession began
  • The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed

    The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed
  • The Seven Years' War began

    The Seven Years' War began