-
500 BCE
13.1, West Africa, West Africans Found Iron
Around 500 BC, the West Africans discovered that they could melt particular kinds of rock to make iron, the strongest metal. -
Period: 500 BCE to
Chapter 13, Early African Civilizations
This includes four sections: geography and early Africa, the empire of Ghana, layer empires, and historical and artistic traditions. -
Period: 500 BCE to 1537
Chapter 16, The Early Americas
The Early Americas include the Maya’s, Aztecs, and the Incas. All three of the people groups practiced polytheism, the belief in many gods. -
105
14.2, China, Paper Was Invented
According to the legend, a man named Cai Lin invented paper during the Han dynasty in 105 AD. -
250
16.1, Mesoamerica, The Maya Civilization Reached it’s Height
The Maya civilization reached its peak in about AD 250 and 900. This is known as the Classic Age. -
300
13.2, West Africa, Soninke began to band together
Around 300 BC, Soninke began to band together to protect themselves against the nomadic herder. That was the beginning of Ghana. -
400
17.1, Europe, Saint Patrick was Born
Patrick was born in the 400s. While growing up, he was kidnapped in Britain and taken to Ireland where he had to work as a shepherd. He ended up to be a monk who helped the Irish convert to Christianity. -
Period: 400 to 1200
Chapter 17, The Early Middle Ages
The four sections in this chapter talks about its geography, Europe after the fall of Rome, feudalism and manor life, and feudal societies, a compare and contrast between the feudal societies in Japan and Europe. -
480
17.2, Northern Europe, Franks Conquered Gaul
In the 480s, a group called the Franks conquered the Gauls, now known as France. Under their leader Clovis, the Franks became Christian and created one of the strongest kingdoms in Europe. -
550
15.1, Japan, Buddhism is Introduced
In 550, Buddhism came to Japan from Korea. -
Period: 550 to
Chapter 12, The Islamic World
The four sections in this chapter includes: the Roots of Islam, Islamic Beliefs and Practices, Islamic Empires, and Cultural Achievements. -
Period: 550 to
Chapter 15, Japan
There are three sections in this chapter. The first section talks about the geography and Early Japan, the second talks about the art and culture in Heian, and the third’s about the growth of a military society. -
570
12.1, Mecca, Muhammad Was Born
In around 570 AD, the prophet Mohammed was born in Mecca. He started the religion of Islam when he spread the message of God. -
Period: 589 to
Chapter 14, China
This includes four sections: China Reunifies, the Tang (618-960) and Song (960-1279)Achievements, Confucianism, and the Yuan (1206-1368)and Ming (1368-1644) Dynasties. -
618
14.1, China, a New Dynasty Started
In 618, the Tang Dynasty started when a Sui official overthrew the old government.It ruled for almost 300 years. -
711
12.3, Spain, Arab and Berber Invaded Spain
In around 711 AD, a combined Berber and Arab army invaded Spain and easily conquered it. -
Period: 1000 to 1500
Chapter 18, The Later Middle Ages
This chapter includes four sections: Popes and Kings, the Crusades, Christianity and Medieval Society, Political and Social Change, and Challenges to Church Authority. -
1054
18.1, Europe, Pope Leo IX Excommunicated The Bishop of Constantinople
When the bishop of Constantinople would not recognize the pope’s authority, he decided to excommunicate the bishop, creating a permanent split between the church. People on the bishop’s side created the Orthodox Church, and people on the pope’s side created the Roman Catholic Church. -
1100
15.2, Japan, Zen Buddhism Arrived
In about the 1100s, Zen Buddhism arrived from China to Japan. Unlike Pure Land Buddhism that chants Buddha's name and held expensive rituals, Zen Buddhism focuses on self discipline and meditation. -
1122
17.3, Europe, Eleanor of Aquitaine was Born
In about 1122, Eleanor was born. She ruled Aquitine, a place in France and then ruled in England. -
1182
18.3, Italy, Saint Francis Was Born
Francis was born as the son of a wealthy merchant in Assis, Italy. In his later years, he preached and tended to people who were ill. Within a few years, other in visuals began to copy his simple lifestyle. -
1206
14.4, China, Genghis Khan United China
The Mongols were one of the nomadic people that attacked China. In 1206, a powerful leader named Temüjin united them. He was later given the title Genghis Khan, meaning “Universal Ruler”. -
1255
13.3, Mali, Sundiata Died
Sundiata died around 1255. The rulers that ruled after his death were mostly Muslim, unlike Sundiata himself. -
Period: 1270 to
Chapter 19, The Renaissance and Reformation
This chapter focuses on three sections: the Italian renaissance, the renaissance beyond Italy, and the reformation of Christianity -
1281
15.3, Japan, the Mongols Attacked Again
After their first invasion failed in 1274, they invaded Japan again in 1281. Once again, the Japanese were saved by the weather (kamikaze), sending the Mongols to flee. -
1291
18.2, Palestine, The Crusades Ended
By 1291, the Muslims took back the Holy Land and the Crusades finally ended. There are many reasons to why the Crusades could have failed. -
1320
12.4, Ibn Battutah Traveled to Africa, India, China, and Spain
The explorer traveled to Africa, India, China, and Spain in the 1320s to develop better ways for calculating distances. -
1328
18.4, France, King Charles IV Died
In 1328, the king of France died with no sons to take over, so two men took over his throne. One was French and the other was from England. The French man became king in the end. -
1353
13.4, West Africa, Ibn Battutah traveled through the region
From 1353 to 1354, he traveled through the entire region of West Africa. -
Period: 1400 to
Chapter 20, Science and Exploration
This includes three sections: The Scientific Revolution, Great Voyages of Disovery, and New Systems of Trade. -
1434
19.1, Florence, Cosimo Ruled Florence
He wanted Florence to be a beautiful city, so he hired artists to decorate his palace. He also valued education and built libraries and collected books. -
1451
18.5, Spain, Queen Isabella was Born
She was born in the year of 1451 and died in 1504. Though she’s considered one of the greatest monarchs in Spanish history, she was never actually the queen of Spain. She was the queen of Castile but had no power in Aragon, her husband’s kingdom. Both of them ruled both kingdoms in practice.She made many great contributions to Spanish society. -
1471
16.3, South America, Pachacuti Died
In about 1438, he became the Inca ruler. Under his rule, the Inca Empire began a period of great expansion. -
1483
19.3, Europe, Martin Luther Was Born
Martin Luther was the person who nailed the 95 Theses to the church door. Soon, others began to disagree with the church’s practices as well. This caused a split between the Catholics and Protestants. -
1489
16.2, America, the Spanish Arrived
In the late 1400s, the Spanish arrived int h Americas. Later in 1519, one group called the conquistadors reached Mexico. They wanted to find gold, claim land, and convert the native people to Catholicism. -
1498
20.2, Africa, Vasco de Gama Sailed Sailed Around Africa
In 1498, Vasco de Gama Sailed around Africa and landed in India. He found a sea route to Asia. -
1543
20.1, Europe, Copernicus Published a Book
In 1543, a person named Nicholas Copernicus wrote a book that proved Ptolemy’s theory wrong. He believed that the sun was the center of the universe. -
1564
19.2, England, William Shakespeare Was Born
He was born in 1964. He wrote more than 30 plays and became the greatest playwright of all time. -
14.3, China, the Qing Dynasty Started
The Qing dynasty ruled from the 1600s to the early 1900s. -
17.4, Japan, Haiku was Created
In the 1600s, Japanese poets created haiku, three line poems with 17 syllables in it. -
21.3, England, The Civil War Started
The conflict between the English monarch and parliament led to a civil war in 1642. Oliver Cromwell, the representative for the Parliament took over the country and became dictator. The king, Charles I was charged with many crimes and beheaded in 1649. Cromwell’s rule was troubled and violent. -
Period: to
Chapter 21, Enlightenment and Revolution
This chapter includes three sections: Ideas of the Enlightenment, New Views on Government, and the Age of Revolution. -
20.3, Europe, the Girl with a Pearl Earing Was Written
The Girl with a Pearl Earing was written by Johannes Vermeer in 1665. -
21.1, France, Voltaire Was Born
Voltaire was born in 1694 in France.He used his sense of justice and intelligence to make fun of religious intolerance. He argued that the purpose of life comes through the progress in science and arts. -
21.2, London, Benjamin Franklin Went to London
In 1766, philosopher and scientist Benjamin Franklin went to London argue with the House of Commons in Parliament. He argued that the British government had no right to tax the colonists. He believed that taxation without representation is wrong. -
M.E, Chapter 13, West Africa, Mosques today
Some of the mosques created by Mansa Musa can still be seen today. -
M.E, Chapter 14, China, the Impact of Arts Today
Porcelain Became very popular in the West, it became known as chinaware. -
M.E, Chapter 15, Mordern Samurai Today
Many people study the same martial arts like sword fighting the the samurai practiced. Although the samurai class no longer continued in the 1800s, their values still continue to live. -
M.E, Ch. 12, Indonesia, Muslims Today
Indonesia no way has the largest Muslim population in the world. Way back in 570, Muhammad spread the religion of Islam that lasted until today. -
M.E, Chapter 16, Mordern Causeways
The Aztecs made causeways, roads raised above water. The causeways today are long roads raised above a large body of water. -
M.E, Chapter 17, Geography of Europe Today
The geography of Europe influenced the development of different ways of life. Along the Mediterranean in Southern Europe, farmers grow olives and other crops in warmer and drier places. The geography back then influenced the way of living today. -
M.E, Chapter 18, Christianity Today
The split of the church influenced the different types of Christianity today like Orthodox Christianity and Roman Catholic. -
M.E, Chapter 19, Printing Today
Johann Gutenberg’s printing press made printing easier for the people. Printing today is less complicated than it was back then. The evolution got better from the to time t9 create new technology. -
M.E, Chapter 20, How We Study the Universe Today
If Galileo wasn’t the first person to study the sky with a telescope, our view of science would be very different today. He proved that Copernicus was right- the sun was the center of the universe, not the earth.The generation
today is based on Galileo’s discovery. -
M.E, Chapter 21, Democratic Ideas Today
Some of the Enlightment thinkers long ago started to question of rule by divine right. Some even developed completely new ideas of how governments should work. These ideas from the Enlightment influenced greatly to the creation of modern democracy. Many countries today are democratic.