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1073
Pope Gregory VII
Pope Gregory VII was elected. -
1073
Gregorian Reforms
- Forbaded lay investiture
- Banned simony
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1076
Henry IV Excommunication
Pope Gregory VII excommunicated Henry IV as he would not accept his reforms. Then when Henry was pardoned, he exiled Gregory. -
1085
Pope Gregory VII dies.
Gregory dies in exile by Emperor Henry IV -
1095
Crusades
Pope Urban II called all Christian rulers to organise a crusade. -
Period: 1095 to 1204
Four Major Crusades
4 Major Crusades took place -
1187
Jerusalem's Fall
Jerusalem was taken back by Muslims. -
Period: 1198 to 1216
Pope Innocent II Reign
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1204
Constantinople
The fourth Crusade took place in Constantinople without a reason other than to loot. Crusaders used their religious beliefs in order to kill people with other beliefs. -
1209
Friars
A group of monks Friars was created. They were men who came together to live a new religious life. They were mendicant, the Latin word for "beggar." They did their world out in the world, and depend entirely on the generosity of other people for their daily needs. They would work directly with and among the poor and would travel from town to town. -
1215
High Point of Papal Power
Pope Innocent II gathered about 1,200 bishops, abbots, and other Church leaders for a great ecumenical council. -
1215
The Fourth Lateran Council
Every aspect of Catholicism was discussed. Some decisions were:
Catholics must receive Holy Communion at least once a year
Transubstantiation would be the term used to describe the changing of the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ. -
1231
Heretics
Pope Gregory IX set up an official council called the Inquisition, people who investigated suspected heretics. They had the authority to impose fines, imprison people, and to even sentence death. -
Period: 1300 to 1400
Christendom
This was a period in the fourth century which refers to a cultural and political atmosphere. It refers to the worldwide community of Christians, adherents of Christianity; or the collection of Christian majority countries, or countries in which Christianity dominates, or nations in which Christianity is the established religion. -
1497
Spanish Inquisition
Launched by Queen Isabella, people suspected of heresy and Catholic converts were said to be secretly practising their former faiths. They were sentenced to death, get fined, or exiled. -
Jerusalem Recaptured
The British recaptured Jerusalem from Muslims in WWI, and have had it ever since.