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Robert Hooke
In the mid-1600s, Robert Hooke discovered plant cells while studying a small sliver of cork under an early microscope. He coined the term "cells" because he saw the cell walls and thought they looked like containers. He used a microscope which he worked on to create 50x magnification with never before used illumination and a focusing tool that didn't require moving the specimen. The image is the view that Hooke had of cells in the cork. -
Robert Hooke (Cont.)
In 1665. Hooke published one of the most popular scientific works ever, Micrographia. Never had someone considered that plants were made of a smaller material before Hooke discovered the cell. -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Anton Leeuwenhoek was a cloth trader and he invented microscopes to help him examine cloths, but he found another use for them. The microscopes had a magnification so great that he could see the movement of what he concluded were small animals. We now know them as bacteria, single-celled organisms. Leeuwenhoek also studied red blood cells, accurately describing their shape and size. -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (Cont.)
He helped disprove theories of spontaneous creation (living matter is created from nonliving matter) by studying the reproduction of the small animals. such as maggots and aphids, and sperm cells. -
Robert Brown
Robert Brown was a botanist and as such was interested in the pollination process of plants. He studied plant cells with microscopes and noticed particles moving in and out of an oval in the center of the cell. He called it the nucleus. He added upon the cell theory by hypothesising that the nucleus was vital to cellular creation. -
Robert Brown (Cont.)
The image is of plant cells with the cell nucleus that Robert Brown named. -
Matthius Schleiden
Matthius Schleiden studied live plants through microscopes and concluded that all plants are made up of cells, inspiring his colleague Theodor Schwann to pursue the same in animals. He did not think that life could be explained in terms of physical and chemical laws like Schwann did. He recognized Brown's theories of the importance of the cell nucleus and further theorized that it played a key role in the reproduction of the cell. -
Theodor Schwann
Theodor Schwann demonstrated that all living things (plants and animals) are made of cells, using microscopes, building upon Matthius Schleiden's hypothesis that all plants are made up of cells. He also classified different types of tissues made up of a single type of cell. He hypothesized that microorganisms caused fermentation. -
Theodor Schwann (Cont.)
He opposed the then popular theory that some mysterious force made living things different from nonliving things and studied the characteristics of life such as response to stimulus (muscle movement) and metabolism (digestion) at microscopic levels. However, he did not recognize that cells came from other cells. -
Rudolf Virchow
Rudolf Virchow hypothesized that the cell is the basic unit of life. He applied the cell theory in his studies of cells in an attempt to combat diseases. Through a microscope, he saw that diseases resulted from changes in cells, which helped developed the future studies of diseased tissues, or pathology. He named and most accurately described the disease leukemia in his time period. -
Rudolf Virchow (Cont.)
He thought that bacteria, discovered by Leeuwenhoek, had a key role in the spread of disease. He also disagreed with Schwann on the formation of cells. He proposed that all cells are formed from already existing cells. -
The Cell Theory
The Cell Theory states that all living things are made up of cells, which are the building blocks of life and the smallest particles able to live independently. The image is of the current accepted plant and animal cell models. -
Bibliography
House, Paul. "Robert Hooke and the DIscovery of the Cell." The Science of Aging. MasParaSol Media Group Ltd, 9 Sept. 2009. Web. 4 Oct. 2016. Scarborough, John. "Leeuwenhoek, Anton van." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 4 Oct. 2016. The Doc. "Antonie van Leeuwenhoek." Famous Scientists. famousscientists.org. 06 Aug. 2015. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. "Robert Brown Names the Cell Nucleus and Proposes Its Importance in Cell Formation." Science of Aging. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Oct. 2016. -
Bibiography
Ramsey, Matthew. "Virchow, Rudolf." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. Underwood, E. Ashorth. "Rudolf Virchow." Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, 6 Apr. 2015. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. "Cell Theory." Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. Haymer, David S. "Cell." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. The Doc. "Robert Hooke." Famous Scientists. famousscientists.org. 15 Oct. 2014. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. -
Bibliography
Otis, Laura. "Schwann, Theodor." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. "Theodor Schwann." Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, 6 Dec. 2015. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. Otis, Laura. "Schleiden, Matthias Jakob." World Book Student. World Book, 2016. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. "Matthius Jacob Schleiden." Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, 16 Sept 2014. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. -
Bibliography
The Doc. "Theodor Schwann." Famous Scientists. famousscientists.org. 6 May 2016. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. Plant and Animal Cells, 1839. Getty Images. Getty Images. By Science & Society Picture Library. Web. 6. Oct. 2016. The Doc. "Rudolf Virchow." Famous Scientists. famousscientists.org. 15 Oct. 2015. Web. 6 Oct. 2016. Orchid Cells Under Borwn's Microscope. N.d. Rovert Brown, Orginator of Brownian Movement and the Cell Nucleus, in Research by Brian J Ford. Web. 6 Oct. 2016.
