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Fashoda Incident
The Fashoda Incident was the peak of the territorial dispute between France and Great Britain in Eastern Africa. France wanted control over the Upper Nile to eventually exclude Britain from Sudan, and possibly even force Britain out of Egypt. However, although the French force was much larger than that of the British, the dispute ended in favor of Britain. -
Boer War of 1899
Although it was a covert war happening, the Boer War involved many different tactics used by both the 'Boers', the descendants of the Dutch-speaking settlers of Southern Africa, and the British. This war broke out when the British refused to settle conflicts between itself and the Boers, which was due to the British efforts to annex the land of the Boers. The war ended in British victory and its annexation of the Transvaal Republic and the Orange Free state, both inhabited by the Boers. -
Anglo-Japanese Alliance
The Anglo-Japanese Alliance was signed in London by Lord Lansdowne, a British foreign secretary, and Hayashi Tadasu, a Japanese minister. Although there were many factors that led to the alliance between Britain and Japan, their mutual interest in preventing Russian expansion led to the signing of the alliance and marked the end of Britain's long-term isolation. -
Entente Cordiale
The Entente Cordiale was a treaty signed between Great Britain and France that ended the long-term conflict that existed between the two entities. Both countries' mutual opposition against German aggression fueled the signing of the treaty, which allowed for their diplomatic cooperation against Germany. The treaty was an expansion of the theory of Théophile Delcassé, who believed that a Franco-British alliance would lead to French security against German alliances. -
First Moroccan Crisis
The First Moroccan Crisis was an international crisis in which Germany wanted to ensure Moroccan independence to thus worsen the conflict between France and Great Britain and split their alliance. It began when Kaiser Wilhelm II went to Morocco to publicly support the sovereignty of the Sultan, which was a provocative measure to challenge French colonization of Morocco. This crisis worsened the German relationship with both France and Great Britain.
(Photo: Kaiser Wilhelm II) -
Anglo-Russian Entente
The Anglo-Russian Entente was a convention in which Britain and Russia settled their colonial dispute over Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet and carefully calculated each power's sphere of influence. The Anglo-Russian Entente demolished any chance of Persian autonomy, acknowledged British power over Afghanistan, and declared that Tibet would be independent and free of influence.
(Photo: Map of region around Persia at the time) -
Bosnian Crisis
The flame to the start of the Bosnian Crisis was lighted when Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina, which was originally the teritorry of the Ottoman Empire. The crisis involved nine different nations, including Bulgaria, whose independence coincided with Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia, and Serbia, one of Austria-Hungary's neighboring nations. Although the crisis eventually ended with Austria-Hungary's victory, Russia determined to stay firm with its stance post-crisis.
