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1534
Jacques Cartier Explores Canada
Cartier went on a journey to discover "unseen world" He set out to find new discoveries in the western hemisphere. -
Acadians are exiled from their homes
Between 1755 and 1763 there was approximate 10,000 Acadians that were deported. Acadians were sent to the Atlantic, Caribbean, English/French colonies. Many died of disease, weather conditions on the ship, or starvation. The colonies were not notified that the acadians were coming and became very mad. Many acadians were forced to roam until they found a home -
The Conquest (Battle on the Plains of Abraham)
This was a crucial part in the 7 years war. A British invasion force defeated the French, which lead to the surrender of Quebec to the British. The french never reclaimed Quebec and lost control of new France by 1760. By the end of the war, France surrendered its possessions including Canada to the British. -
The Royal Proclamation determines that First Nations are sovereign
This proclamation was issued by King George III, he created this to make a government admin in the North American Territories formally signed over from France to Britain in the treaty of Paris which was followed by the 7 years war. -
Lord Durham’s report encourages the assimilation of the Francophone colonists
Lord Durham was a British politician who was sent to north america to investigate the causes of rebellions the year before in the colonies o upper Canada and lower Canada. Durhams report led to changes such as unifying Canada into a single colony. -
Confederation - 1867
At this time, British colonies such as Nova Scotia and New Brunswick joined together to create a nation state, which is now Canada. -
Manitoba Schools Question becomes an issue in the federal election
The Manitoba Act was a result of a long battle carried out by the Métis to secure their rights section 22 of The Manitoba Act was to create a separate school system- French schools or the Catholics and English schools or the protestants. -
Period: to
Numbered treaties, First 5 treaties signed
This was a series of 11 treaties that were made by the Canadian government and indigenous people. The treaties gave the Canadian government with land and industrial development. -
The Indian Act is first created
The Indian act was first introduced as a build up of colonial commands that wanted to achieve the abolishment of First Nations culture. The act has been altered many times since then to remove the discriminatory sections. -
Chinese Head Tax Discrimination Against Chinese Immigration
The Chinese Head Tax Discrimination Against Chinese Immigration was between 1885 and 1923 under the Chinese immigration act. Chinese people had to pay a minimum of $50 to come to Canada. Once the tax was removed in 1923 Chinese immigration was banned until 1947. -
Riel Rebellion
The North-West Rebellion was a five month, violent uprising against the Canadian government This was fought by Metis and aboriginal allies which is now Saskatchewan and Alberta. -
Conscription crisis during World War One
At this point in time the Federal government created forms or conscription which was a "call up" of men to help serve in the military this created a division between the anglophones who supported military practices and the francophone who did not. -
Battle of Vimy ridge
This is Canada's most celebrated victory in the military. Canadians attacked the ridge from April 9-12 1917 and took it from the German army. "Canadians killed in France throughout the war who have no known graves." -
The referendum is held to decide if Newfoundland should join Canada
There were 3 options to vote for on the referendum, confederation, self government and commission rule. 85% of the voters voted for the first two options. Self government had the lead by only four points. On April 1st, 1949, Newfoundland joined Canada. -
Quiet Revolution
The Quiet Revolution was a time period where quickened change happened in Quebec. It was a time of social and political battles to fight for the rights of Francophones in Quebec. -
Canadian flag
In the senate and the house of commons they voted for the flag that we have today. The parliament adopted the idea of the flag after editing and after it was approved by the royal proclamation. The maple leaf flag became official on February 1st 1965. -
The White Paper on Aboriginal Rights
This was a Canadian government policy that attempted to get rid of legal documents that refer to indigenous people in Canada. -
October Crisis (FLQ Crisis)
This crisis began with the kidnapping of James Cross, who was at the time the British trade commissioner in Montreal. This event quickly turned into a serious terrorist act that happened in Canada after Minister of Labour and Immigration, Pierre Laporte, was kidnapped and killed. They gained federal help, this help lead to the only use of The War Measures Act during peace in Canada. -
Canada adopts official multiculturalism
Canada was the first country to adopt multiculturalism. Canada Insisted the value of every Canadian citizen disregarding their race, language or religion. Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau declared in 1971 that Canada would adopt multiculturalism, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney enacted The Canadian Multiculturalism Act. -
The Calder Case
In this court case aboriginal peoples in British Columbia wanted their land claims to be official and lawfully owned. Some believed that the First Nations gave their land up when British Columbia joined Confederation. -
Election of the Parti Quebecois
The Parti Quebecois is a political party that was formed in Quebec in 1968. Rene Levesque was the first leader, he held the position until 1985. The party was elected into office in 1976. They held two referendums on Quebec sovereignty in 1980 and 1995. -
Bill 101 is passed into law in Quebec
This bill presented French as the provincial language of the court and the government in Quebec. This bill also made french the accustomed language of workplaces, of instructions and of communications in business. -
Quebec Referendum 1980
In this referendum the government had asked the people of Quebec to give authorization to “negotiate a new constitutional agreement with the rest of Canada, based on the equality of nations.” 60% of the voters voted against the referendum. If the voters decided to vote yes, a second referendum would have come to term. -
The NEP (National Energy Program) is implemented
The National Energy Program was a way for the federal government to gain control over the petroleum industry across Canada. The goals of the NEP were to share Alberta's wealth from the oil throughout Canada and secure the oil supplies. Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau introduced the National Energy Program to Canada. -
Indigenous Sufferage
Aboriginal people are given the right to vote in the constitution act of 1982. They can vote in provincial, federal and territorial elections. -
Quebec refuses to sign the constitution
Quebec first lost its approval over any future changes to the constitution, Quebec also refused to sign the constitution because it would have put an end to Bill 101 by protecting English language rights but at the same time protecting French language rights. -
Meech Lake Accord
Prime Minister Brian Mulroney tried to get Quebec's consent for the re-done Canadian Constitution. The result was the Meech Lake Accord which was an agreement between provincial and federal governments to modify the constitution by clearly stating that Quebec is a "distinct society." -
Supreme court determines that turbans can be worn wit the RCMP
A man named Baltej Singh Dhillon, was accepted to be a member of the RCMP, but he had to choose whether or not he wanted to serve the country or wear his turban. He chose to fight for is rights and is religion. The federal government removed the ban for stopping people from wearing turbans. -
The Oka Crisis
This crisis was a 78 day standoff the Mohawk protesters, police, and the army. The reason of this crisis is because they wanted to expand a golf course and to build condos where a Mohawk burial site. At this stage the only thing that could resolve this was the army. -
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
This commission was the aftermath of The Oka Crisis it was a survey of relationships with aboriginal and non-aboriginal people in Canada. This remains an important document in the study of indigenous people in Canada. -
Formation of the Bloc Quebecois
The Bloc Quebecois was a result of Quebec MP's who had left both conservative and Liberal parties that failed from the Meech Lake Accord. -
Charlottetown Accord
The Charlottetown Accord was a failed attempt created by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the 10 provincial premiers to change the Canadian Constitution to capture Quebec's consent to the Constitution act of 1982. This accord was rejected by Canadian voters in a referendum. -
Quebec Referendum 1995
Quebec tried again to get voters to vote yes towards “negotiate a new constitutional agreement with the rest of Canada, based on the equality of nations.” This time around, 50.58% of the voters voted no. There was a slight controversy towards the outcome of this referendum due to the large number of "spoiled" ballots. -
Queens apology to francophone
Approximately 10,000 Acadians were sent away on boats. They wanted an apology for deporting their families ordered by the British 250 years ago. -
Recognition of Quebecois nation 2006
Prime Minister Stephen Harper introduced an act that would recognize the people of Quebec to become a nation with and to unite with Canada. -
Canada apologizes for Residential Schools
The government of Canada represented by Prime Minister Stephan Harper, apologize in front of 11 aboriginal people. 6 were residential school survivors and 5 were leaders. They apologized for the damage that they caused in many indigenous families. -
The publication of the TRC 94 Calls to Action
This was the final report that showed all of the kids who died of abuse and malnutrition in residential schools -
BIll C-30
Bill -C 30 was a comprehensive agreement between Canada and the European Union to boost trade and economics throughout Canada an the EU
