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saw cells in cork using a microscope
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disproved spontaneous generation by showing that fly maggots only appear on pieces of meat in jars if the jars are open to the air. Jars covered with cheesecloth contained no flies.
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observed bacteria. Leeuwenhoek's discoveries renew the question of spontaneous generation in microorganisms
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demonstrated that plants produce a gas that animals and flames consume. Those two gases are carbon dioxide and oxygen
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formulated Nasse's law: hemophilia occurs only in males and is passed on by unaffected females
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proposed that all animal tissues are composed of cells. Schwann and Schleinden argued that cells are the elementary particles of life.
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stated that microorganisms produce fermentation
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independently proposed a theory of biological evolution ("descent through modification") by means of natural selection. Only in later editions of his works did Darwin used the term "evolution."
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independently proposed that the chromosomes carry the hereditary information
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discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin
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discovered the tricarboxylic acid cycle
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showed that DNA is the genetic material in bacteriophage viruses
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discovered DNA polymerase enzymes
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used radioactive phosphorus as a tracer to chromatographically decipher a 120 base long RNA sequence
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discovered that Buckminsterfullerene can be separated from soot because it is soluble in benzene.