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Frances Willard
- American educator, reformer and excellent speaker.
- Taught English and Art in the Evanston College for ladies.
- Became president of the Women´s Christian Temperance Movement.
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Tin Pan Alley
- Name given to the popular music in the united states in the 20th century.
- Referred to West 28th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues in the Flower District of Manhattan.
- The name tin pan referred to the sound of the piano.
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Social Darwinism
- The idea that the human groups are under the same natural selection as the animals.
- In the 20th century was the idea that the powerful and influential people would rise over the weaks.
- Held that the rule "survivel of the fittest" was applicable to the human society.
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Harlem Renaissance
- Period of time that African-American art exploded specially on Harlem, NY.
- Due to the great migration most part of the black community was concentrated in the north and middle east area, ending up in a really big artistic influence.
- Jazz emerged as an African-American genre of music.
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Henry Ford
- American captain of business and industry and also founder of the Ford Motor Company.
- Created the assembly line, method of fabrication used until the current days.
- Created two days of rest for the
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William Jennings Bryan
- Three times times presidential candidate.
- Argued for the prosecution of John T. Scopes for teaching Darwinian theory of evolution.
- A former United States representative from Nebraska who gave the Cross of Gold speech.
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Marcus Garvey
- Orator for the Pan-africanism and black nationalism movements.
- Founder of the Universal Negro Improvement and the African Communities league.
- Promoted social, political and economic freedom for black people through his speeches and his union in New York City.
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The Great Migration
- Relocation of about 6 milion African-American from the South to the North and middle east of the U.S.
- Running from segregationist laws and unemployment they found an opportuning in the lacking of industrial workers in those areas.
- Helped the Harlem Reinaissance.
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Jazz Music
- The first popular American music style and related to the African-American community.
- Born and New Orleans, Louisiana, and usually played in the speakeasies.
- Considered a rebel music style for the young people by being related to alcohol and the black people.e
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1st Red Scare (1920s)
- Fear that the communism could spread throughout the U.S. and subvert the democracy.
- Because Russia pulled out of the first World War to a communist revolution Americans thought that since they no longer had to concentrate to win the war there was a chance to communism to grow up in the country.
- State of Ohio passed the Criminal Syndicalism Act, which allowed the state to prosecute the use of criminal activity to obtain political change.
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Prohibition and the 18th Amendment
- Prohibited the consumption, manufacture, sale, and transportation of intoxicating liquors.
- Supported by the anti-saloon league, which was against the mess that saloons were making in the streets.
- The only amendment to be repealed in the U.S..
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Langston Hughes
- Known for his portrayals of the black life with poetry from the twenties through the sixties.
- Won the Harmon gold medal for literature.
- He was very important to the Harlem Renaissance movement, shaping the artistic side of the black community.
- Had his poems inspired by Jazz music.
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Eleanor Roosevelt
- Married to President Frankling D. Roosevelt and first lady of the united states in his time in office.
- Leader in her own rigth and involved with many humanitarian causes in her life.
- Involved in Democratic Party politics and numerous social reform organizations .
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Warren G. Harding´s "Return to Normalcy"
- Republican senator and presidential candidate.
- Addressing to the Home Market Club of Boston he said that after the progressive politics and foreign interventions the U.S. would return to normalcy.
- In November Harding received the highest percentage of votes up to that time.
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Tea Pot Dome Scandal
- Also known as the Oil Reserves Scandal, the Tea Pot Dome Scandal was a leasing of federal oil reserves to private companies by the secretary of the interior, Albert Bacon Fall.
- Bacon Received more than $200.00 in liberty bonds for the reserves.
- Granted the reserves of Teapot Dome, in Wyoming, and also Elk Hills and Buena Vista Hills in California.
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Scopes Monkey Trial
- Teacher is accused for breaking the Tennessee´s Butler Act.
- The state accused John T. Scopes for teaching the Darwinian theory of evolution.
- The law was supported by the Fundamentalists, that believed that the Bible was above the human knowledge.
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Clarence Darrow
- Defense counsel in many American criminal trials throughout history.
- Defended Eugene V. Debs, president of the American Railway Union.
- Defended a teacher that broke a state law by teaching the Darwinian theory of evolution.
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The Great Depression
- The Great Collapse of the American economy with the crash of the stock market.
- The causes were the uneven distribution income, the overproduction of goods, the banks collapse and many others.
- President Frank D. Roosevelt created the New Deal to try to solve the economic problem.
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Stock Market Crash "Black Tuesday"
- The deepest and longest economic downturn in the united states.
- The causes were low wages, debts, problems in the agricultural sector and overproduction.
- Unemployment went up, wages tumbled down, production declined and prices raised consequently.
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The Dust Bowl
- Big dust storms in the middle of the country, making farmers move.
- Caused by the dry soil due to the misuse of the soil.
- Killed people and contributed to the Great Depression by destroying livestock and crops across the entire region.
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
- American 32nd President, FDR took office in 1933.
- The president that stayed in office for the longest amount of time in the U.S..
- Assumed the Presidency at the depth of the great depression and launched the New Deal, program for recovery from all the effects of the Great Depression.
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Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- Program created with the New Deal after the sotck market crash.
- Has the purpose to ensure that deposit holders are gonna have their money back from the banks in any circunstances.
- Company to ensure the reform in FDR´s program and avoid more bank problems.
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"Relief, Recovery and Reform"
- Purpose of President FDR program to restore the economy in the U.S..
- Relief to stabilize the banks and the stock market and give debt relief.
- Recovery to give jobs to the unemployed people.
- Reform to take safety measures to avoid he stock market to crash again.
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20th Amendment
- Also known as the "Lame Duck Amendment".
- Made the date that president and members of the congress took office closer to their election.
- Before the 20th Amendment politicians would hold their office until four months after elections.
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The New Deal
- Program created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to revert the bad situation of the Great Depression.
- Based on the three R's: Relief, Recovery and Reform.
- Created a series of companies to revert unemployment, improve house owning and the economic situation in the nation.
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Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
- Program that gave jobs to millions of unemployed young men.
- The most successful program on FDR´s New Deal.
- Planted more than three billion trees and constructed trails and shelters in more than 800 parks nationwide during its nine years of existence.
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21th Amendment
- Brought back the legal consumption of alcohol in the U.S..
- Basically repealed the 18th Amendment.
- The only Amendment on the constitution to repeal a previous amendment.
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Securities Exchange and Commission
- Created to regulate the commerce in stocks.
- Made to avoid lack of trading security that led the stock market to crash previus its creation.
- One of the programs from President FDR´s New Deal.
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Social Security Administration (SSA)
- Government agency created by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of the New Deal program.
- It is responsible for many types of social security as disability, retirement and survivor's benefits.
- Is working as an independent agency since 1994, when separated of the Department of Health and Human Services.
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Summer Olympics
- Olympics hosted in Germany while Hitler was the dictator.
- The rest of the world was outraged by Hitler's segregationism.
- Some athletes considered a boycott to the 1936 Summer Olympics to compete somewhere else.
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Charles A. Lindbergh
- American aviator that made the first nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
- Known by being the first celebrity to merge because of the radio.
- Had different families around the world.
