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tin valley alley
Tin Pan Alley is the name given to the collection of New York City music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century. located in Manhattan on West 28th Street between Broadway and Sixth Avenue. -
social darwinism
the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform. -
the great migration
he Great Migration was the relocation of more than 6 million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from about 1916 to 1970. significant cause of the Great Migration was the desire of black Southerners to escape segregation, known euphemistically as Jim Crow. Rural African American Southerners believed that segregation -
prohibition
Impact of Prohibition on America. On January 29, 1919, Congress ratified the 18th Amendment to the US Constitution, effectively banning the manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors. The law, which ushered in the era known as Prohibition, went into effect one year later. -
jazz music
Throughout the 1920s, jazz music evolved into an integral part of American popular culture. The primitive jazz sound that had originated in New Orleans diversified, and thus appealed to people from every echelon of society. Fashion in the 1920s was another way in which jazz music influenced popular culture. -
harlem renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural, social, and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem, New York, spanning the 1920s. it was known as the "New Negro Movement", named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke.Jelly Roll Morton and Louis Armstrong drew huge audiences as white Americans as well as African Americans caught jazz fever. The artists of the Harlem Renaissance undoubtedly transformed African American culture. But the impact on all American culture was equally strong. -
first red scare
The First Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included those such as the Russian Revolution and anarchist bombings. it started in 1917 and ended in 1920 -
tea pot dome scandal
During the Teapot Dome scandal, Albert B. Fall, who served as secretary of the interior in President Harding's cabinet, is found guilty of accepting a bribe while in office. Fall was the first individual to be convicted of a crime committed while a presidential cabinet member. Harding transferred supervision of the naval oil-reserve lands from the navy to the Department of the Interior, Fall secretly granted to Harry F. Sinclair of the Mammoth Oil Company exclusive rights to the -
marcus garvey
Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr. was born August 17 1887, was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially the United States. He was a leader of a mass movement called Pan-Africanism and he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. -
warren g harding
Warren Gamaliel Harding was born November 2, 1865 was an American politician who served as the 29th President of the United States from March 4, 1921 until his death in 1923. he influenced everyone of the 1920s to return to normal after the wars as a way to show that the country wasn't vulnerable. -
henry ford
His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. As the owner of the Ford Motor Company, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. He is credited with "Fordism": mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers. -
scopes monkey trial
on July 10, 1925, the Scopes Monkey trial began in Dayton, Tennessee. High school teacher John Thomas Scopes was charged with violating Tennessee's law against teaching evolution instead of the divine creation of man. The trial was the first to be broadcasted on live radio. -
william jennings bryan
William Jennings Bryan was born on March 19, 1860 and died July 26, 1925. he was an American orator and politician from Nebraska. Beginning in 1896, he emerged as a dominant force in the Democratic Party, standing three times as the party's nominee for President of the United States. -
clarenece darrow
he defended Eugene V. Debs, arrested on a federal charge arising from the Pullman Strike. He also secured the acquittal of labor leader William D. Haywood for assassination charges, saved Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold from the death penalty, and defended John T. Scopes. Darrow succeeded. Caverly sentenced Leopold and Loeb to life in prison plus 99 years. Darrow's closing argument was published in several editions in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and was reissued at the time of his death. -
langston hughes
James Mercer Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 and was an American poet, social activist, novelist, playwright, and columnist from Joplin, Missouri. He was one of the earliest innovators of the then-new literary art form called jazz poetry. -
charles a lindbergh
Charles Lindbergh was a famous aviator. In 1927 he became the first man to successfully fly an airplane across the Atlantic Ocean. He called his airplane the Spirit of St. Louis, and his courageous feat helped make Missouri a leader in the developing world of aviation. -
francés willard
Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard was born September 28, 1839 and was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Her influence was instrumental in the passage of the Eighteenth Prohibition and Nineteenth Women Suffrage Amendments to the United States Constitution. -
stock market crash
On October 29, 1929, Black Tuesday hit Wall Street as investors traded some 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day. Billions of dollars were lost, wiping out thousands of investors. In the aftermath of Black Tuesday, America and the rest of the industrialized world spiraled downward into the Great Depression (1929-39), the deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world up to that time. -
the dust bowl
The Dust Bowl refers to the drought-stricken Southern Plains region of the United States, which suffered severe dust storms during a dry period in the 1930s. As high winds and choking dust swept the region from Texas to Nebraska, people and livestock were killed and crops failed across the entire region. The Dust Bowl intensified the crushing economic impacts of the Great Depression and drove many farming families on a desperate migration in search of work and better living conditions. -
Social Security Administration
The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government that administers Social Security, a social insurance program consisting of retirement, disability, and survivors' benefits. -
21st amendment
The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited. -
The new Deal
The Great Depression in the United States began on October 29, 1929, a day known forever after as Black Tuesday, when the American stock market,which had been roaring steadily upward for almost a decade, crashed, plunging the country into its most severe economic downturn yet. Speculators lost their shirts; banks failed. the nation’s money supply diminished; and companies went bankrupt and began to fire their workers in droves. -
20th amendment
The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
He was in office from 1929 to 1933 and served as a Governor for reform, promoting programs to combat the economic crisis besetting the United States at the time. With the 1932 presidential election, Roosevelt defeated Republican President Herbert Hoover in a landslide. -
tennessee valley authority
The TVA was established in 1933 as one of President Roosevelt’s Depression era New Deal programs, providing jobs and electricity to the rural Tennesee River Valley. an area that spans seven states in the South. The TVA was envisioned as a federally owned electric utility and regional economic development agency. It still exists today as the nation’s largest public power provider. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an agency created in 1933 during the depths of the Great Depression. to protect bank depositors and ensure a level of trust in the American banking system. After the stock market crash of 1929, anxious people withdrew their money from banks in cash, causing a devastating wave of bank failures across the country -
Eleanor Roosevelt
leader in her own right and involved in numerous humanitarian causes throughout her life. The niece of President Theodore Roosevelt, Eleanor was born into a wealthy New York family. She married Franklin Roosevelt, her fifth cousin once removed, in 1905. delegate to the United Nations and continued to serve as an advocate for a wide range of human rights issues -
Dorothea Lange
During the Great Depression, Dorothea Lange photographed the unemployed men who wandered the streets. Her photographs of migrant workers were often presented with captions featuring the words of the workers themselves. Lange’s first exhibition, held in 1934, established her reputation as a skilled documentary photographer. In 1940, she received the Guggenheim Fellowship. -
Federal reserve System
To finance the American Revolution, the Continental Congress printed the new nation's first paper money. Known as continentals, the fiat money notes were issued in such quantity they led to inflation, which, though mild at first, rapidly accelerated as the war progressed. Eventually, people lost faith in the notes, and the phrase Not worth a continental came to mean utterly worthless. -
Securities & exchange commission
The SEC was established in 1934 to regulate the commerce in stocks, bonds, and other securities. After the 1929, stock market crash, reflections on its cause prompted calls for reform. Controls on the issuing and trading of securities were virtually nonexistent, allowing for any number of frauds and other schemes. Further, the unreported concentration of controlling stock interests in a very few hands led to the abuses of power that the free exchange of stock supposedly eliminated. -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression lasted from 1929 to 1939, and was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world. It began after the stock market crash which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors. consumer spending and investment dropped, causing steep declines in industrial output and employment as failing companies laid off workers. when the Great Depression reached its lowest point,15 mill Americans were unemployed and half the country’s banks failed. -
relief, recovery and reform
Roosevelt's basic philosophy of Keynesian economics manifested itself in what became known as the three "R's" of relief, recovery and reform. The programs created to meet these goals generated jobs and more importantly, hope.
