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Period: 1000 to 1492
The Begining of The Northern States
A nation-state is an independent state which consists of people from one particular national group. -
1154
The Common Law
Henry II was the English King. He ruled England from 1154-1189. He introduced the use of jury in English courts. In medieval England, a jury was a body of local people for whom answered a royal judge's debate about a specific case. Overtime, England was affiliated under a single legal system. This shaped into what we call the common law. Today, the common law became the basics and or principles of the legal system or law in many English-speaking countries. -
1179
French power Extends
Phillip II or Phillip Augustus was king of France from 1180-1223. He played a very important role in extending French power. Phillip II paid middle class officials to fill government positions in which they owed their loyalty to him. He then gained control of English ruled lands. Overtime, he also began to gain control over southern France. Phillip Augustus had become the most powerful ruler in Europe, using his trickery and diplomacy. -
1215
King John Signs the Magna Carta
King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta (great charter) and it did 2 important things. 1) forced monarchs to obey the laws and 2) gave nobles rights, that were later extended to all free-men -
1245
Louis IX Strengthening the Monarchy
Phillip II grandson, Louis IX ruled France from 1226-1270. Louis was very pious and saintly. He was known as the ideal king. Louis made a French appeals court, which could repeal the choices of local courts. By doing this, royal courts of France strengthened the monarchy while diluting feudal ties. -
1295
King Edward I Expands Parliament
In 1295, King Edward I assembled Parliament to accept money for his wars in France. Later after, this congregate became known as the 'Model Parliament' it set up structure for the England's legislature. This Parliament became an ideal model for other parliaments. In due time, the Parliament then expanded into a two house body. Over many years Parliament obtained pivotal "power of the purse".
