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Jun 20, 1325
Tenochtitlan is settled
The Mexica people travel south from Aztlan (an unknown place of origin). The city is started on an island considered spiritual by the Mexica in 1325 CE. At this point the city was a collection of reed huts. -
Period: Jan 1, 1376 to Jan 1, 1395
The first king of Tenochtitlán, Acamapichitli, rules
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Jan 1, 1390
Original construction of Templo Mayor beings in Tenochtitlán
The Templo Mayor begins construction in 1390 CE highlighting the growing population of the city. The building of a religious temple also comes with the increase in sacrifices for the gods. -
Period: Jan 1, 1395 to Jan 1, 1417
The second king of Tenochtitlán, Huitzilihuitzli, rules. An alliance with the Tepaneca is created.
An alliance with the Tepaneca would later lead to a civil war due to the succession crisis following the death of their leader. -
Period: Jan 1, 1417 to Jan 1, 1427
The third king, Chimalpopoca, has his relatively short reign. He is assasinated by the Tepaneca.
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Period: Jan 1, 1427 to Jan 1, 1430
War with the Tepaneca
The outcome of the war would be the triple alliance. -
Period: Jan 1, 1427 to Jan 1, 1440
Tenochtitlán's fourth king, Itzcoatl, reigns
Itzcoatl saw the creation of the Triple alliance and help win the Tepaneca war. -
Jan 1, 1431
Establishment of the Triple Alliance
An alliance between the Mexica, the Acolhua in the city Texcoco and the Tepaneca of Tlacopan starts in 1431 CE. This starts the rise of the Aztec empire as Tenochtitlan eventually becomes the largest and most wealthy of the three cities. At this point the population of Tenochtitlan is between 100,000 and 150,000 people. -
Period: Jan 1, 1440 to Jan 1, 1469
Reign of the fifth king, Moctezuma I, who is also referred to as Montezuma I
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Jan 1, 1452
Tenochtitlán severely damaged by flooding
The city was destroyed by floods in 1452 CE which caused massive famine to strike for the following two years. Up to 10,000 were sacrificed in order to stop the floods. -
Period: Jan 1, 1452 to Jan 1, 1454
Famine in Tenochtitlán
The famine resulted from widespread flooding and the resulting destruction of Tenochtitlan. Up to 10,000 were sacrificed to try to stop the floods. -
Period: Jan 1, 1469 to Jan 1, 1481
Tenochtitlán's sixth king, Azayactl, reigns
Azayactl tried invading the Purépecha Empire with 32,000 Aztec soldiers but lost 90% of his soldiers to death or imprisonment. -
Period: Jan 1, 1481 to Jan 1, 1486
Reign of Tizoc, the seventh king of Tenochtitlán
Tizoc's rule was short-lived as he was ineffectual. He was most likely assassinated by his own nobles. -
Period: Jan 1, 1486 to Jan 1, 1502
Rule of Ahuitzotl, eighth king of the city
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Period: Jan 1, 1502 to Jan 1, 1520
Reign of Moctezuma II, or Montezuma II, most famous of the Aztec kings and ninth king of Tenochtitlán
Under Moctezuma II Aztec armies invaded the Purépecha Empire once again and lost thus causing the army to withdraw. -
Jan 1, 1510
Severe floods in Tenochtitlán
The second time floods struck Tenochtitlan in 1510 CE. Unlike before these floods did not destroy the city, but many more lost their lives to sacrifice. -
Nov 8, 1519
Cortes arrives in Tenochtitlán
Cortes was welcomed into Tenochtitlan by Montezuma II in 1519 CE because he was thought to be the light-skinned Quetzalcoatl, whose return was prophesied in Aztec legend. -
Jan 1, 1520
Cortes' assault on the empire begins
On the 1st of July, 1520 CE the Spanish forces were driven back. The Spanish and their native allies suffered heavy losses. (This is known as la Noche Triste - The Sad Night) -
Jan 1, 1520
Rule of Cuitahuac, tenth king of Tenochtitlán
Cuitahuac takes rule in 1520 CE but dies shortly after from a small pox epidemic that hits Tenochtitlan. The epidemic also leaves the city weakened for a future attack from Cortes. Half of the population of the city (including 25% of the army) were decimated. -
Jan 1, 1520
Rule of Cuauhetemoc, eleventh and last king of the city.
Cuauhetemoc took power in 1520 CE but Tenochitlan fell during his reign. He was hung in 1525 CE by the Spaniards after surrendering the city. -
Aug 13, 1521
Cuauhetemoc surrenders to Cortes, destruction of the city
The city prior to Cortes had 200,000-250,000 inhabitants in 1521 CE but was cut down by 75% by small pox epidemics and the Spanish in the 70 years following.