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11,000 BCE
Maya
11000-The first hunter gatherer settle in Maya
3113-The creation of the world takes place, according to the Maya L calendar
2600-Maya civilization begins
700-Writing is developed in Mesoamerica
300-The Maya adopt the idea of a hierarchical society ruled by nobles and kings.
100-The city of Teotihuacan is founded
50-The Maya city of Cerros is built, with a complex of temples and ball courts. It is abandoned (for reasons unknown) a hundred years later and its people return to fishing and farming. -
1200 BCE
Olmec
1200-The Olmec civilization springs from the grouping of ancient villages along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico.
1200-San Lorenzo becomes the great ceremonial centre of the Olmec civilization.
900-The centre of San Lorenzo is detroyed and monuments are defaced. La Venta becomes the Olmec capital.
400-La Venta is destroyed, monuments are defaced and the Olmec civilization ends. -
1100
Incas
1100-The Inca, led by Manco Capac, migrate to the Cuzco Valley and establish their capital at Cuzco.
1425-Viracocha Inca begins to build the Inca empire.
1438-Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui defeats the Chancas to control the Cuzco Valley and further expand the Inca empire.
1450-Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui founds Machu Picchu in the High Andes.
1470-The Incas conquer the Chimu civilization based at Chan Chan.
1510-The Inca abandon the settlement of Machu Picchu. -
1100
Incas 2
1526-Civil war between the Inca leaders Waskar and Atahualpa. Atahualpa wins.
1530-The Inca empire reaches its greatest extent.
1532-Pizarro and the Spanish conquistadors arrive in South America.
1533-Battle of Cajamarca where the Inca leader Atahualpa is captured and held for ransom by Spanish forces led by Pizarro.
1533-The Inca leader Atahualpa is executed.
1533-Pizarro takes the Inca capital of Cuzco.
1535-Pizarro founds Lima as the capital of Spanish Peru. -
1250
Aztec
1250-Aztecs make home to Lake Texcoco
1325-Aztecs found Tenochtitlan
1448-Moctezuma II starts military conquest
1519-Cortes kills Moctezuma and conquers Tenochtitlan
1522- Spanish rebuild Tenochtitlan and rename it Mexico City