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1500 BCE
Villages in Mesoamerica
Full-time farmers were present in Mesoamerican territories -
Period: 300 BCE to 1100
Mayan Civilization
Timespan in which the Mayan civilization flowered -
900
Collapse of the Mayan civilization starts
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1000
Incan culture emerges in the Cuzco Valley of South America
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1200
The Aztecs arrive to the central plateau of Mexico
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1400
Expansion of the Incas into an empire
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1466
The last Aztec emperor, Moctezuma Xocoyotzin, is born in Mexico
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1492
The Spaniards arrive
Arrived to what would later be named America -
1492
Christopher Columbus arrives at what he called San Salvador Island
This in the Caribbean were he encounters Native American culture -
1494
Treaty of Tordesillas signed by Spain and Portugal
It establishes a line of demarkation from pole to pole 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands; Spain received the right to colonize all territory to the west of that line; Portugal colonized lands to the east -
1500
Pedro Alvares Cabral arrives in Brazil and claims it for Portugal
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1502
Christopher Columbus arrives to Central America
On his forth voyage he lands in the Central american territory -
1508
In Hispaniola, the first sugar mill is constructed
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1509
Propagation of the Catholic Church
Pope Julius II authorizes the Spanish Catholic monarchs to propagate the Catholic Church in the Americas; Patronato Real gave power to crown to appoint Church officials -
1510
Two-hundred and fifty slaves are imported to the Americas
All to work in the gold mines in Hispaniola -
1512
Indian Slavery outlawed
The crown responded to the Dominicans and church officials requests with the Leyes de Burgos to outlaw some of the worst abuses of the native Americans and make Indian slavery illegal -
1516
Bartolome de Las Casas is named the official Protector of the Indians
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1519
Expedition to México
Hernan Cortéz, was commissioned by the colonial authorities to explore the Mexican gulfcoast, and led an expedition of 600 men from Cuba to Mexico -
1519
Foundation of Panama City
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1519
Hernan Cortéz marches into Tenochtitlan
He takes Montezuma prisoner -
Period: 1519 to
Modern day transatlantic slave trade
Done by the European slave ships, brought slaves from Africa to satisfy the labor demands in the "New World" -
1521
The Spaniards complete conquest of Aztec Empire
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1521
Conversion of Indians to Christianity
Conquistador Gil Gonzalez de Avila converts 30,000 Indians to Christianity in the area called Nicaragua, and sends some 500,000 as slaves to other parts of Spanish Empire -
1524
Guatemala City is founded
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1524
The Council of the Indies is established by King Charles V
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1534
The Spaniards take control of the Inca Empire
After 2 years from his arrival, Pizarro takes control of the Inca Empire since a Civil war had weakened them. -
1538
The first university in the Americas is established
St. Thomas Aquinas in the city of Santo Domingo -
1541
Francisco de Orellana discovers the headwaters of the Amazon River
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1549
Demand of labor from tributaries outlawed
The encomendero's right to demand labor from his tributaries was also outlawed -
1551
In Mexico and Lima, new universities are created
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1554
Araucan Indian chief Caupolican counterattacks
Araucan Indian chief Caupolican, allied with Chief Lautaro, defeats Spaniards, kills Pedro de Valdivia, and defeats the forces of Francisco de Villagra de Chile -
Jesuits expelled from the colonies by the Portuguese
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Jesuits expelled from the colonies by the Spanish
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Incan two-year rebellion
Incan descendant Tupac Amaru leads a two-year rebellion against authorities on behalf of the Indians.