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Impressionism
with the impressionist artists, they decided to move away from the older art traditions and focused on the environment that surrounded them in nearly everyday life. they would pay attention to the lanscapes chanig form and the light that fell upon it. The impressionists also used, what they call, the seven colours of sunlight and they never used the darker colours like Black and Brown, and they only mixed the colours. -
Claude Monet - water lilies series (oil on canvas 1920, 200 × 1,276 cm)
the water lily series is a series of about 250 continuous oil paintings. this is one of his most famous and well known series. the paintings depict monets flower garden in giverny, these were actually the main focus of his artwork priduction for the last 30yrs of his life. they display calmness, beauty and serenity -
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post impressionism
post impressionism is similar to impressionism which it followed. although there were few similarities post impressionism is characterised by bright colour, sharp, often outlined edges. a few of the artists from this time are still very well known today, they include people like Van Gogh, Seurat, Cezanne and Gaughin -
Van Gogh - Starry Night (oil on canvas 73.7 cm × 92.1 cm)
Van gogh's painting "Starry Night" was painted from an asylum in the north of a french village called Saint-Rémy. The center part is actually the village under a swirling night sky. When Van Gogh painted he wanted to show his extreme emotions, the coulours that are used and the brushstrokes make the painting seem very sad. the colours are so soft and flowing but it still seems really sad but beautiful at the same time. -
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German Expressionism
developed in the early 20th century. as the name sugests expressionism was a way to express oneself to others through emotion. the works tended to use vivid colours distort images and use 2 dimensional images that lack perspective. some artists of this period could include Max Beckmann and Edvard Munch -
Paul Gauguin - Tahitian Women on the Beach (oil on canvas 69 cm × 91 cm)
the picture depicts two women on the beaches of tahiti. This painting was done because Gauguin had gone to Tahiti and loved his tropical experience there and wanted to share it. his use of colours is so happy and calming it makes you want to go there and experience what he did. -
Edvard Munch - The Scream (oil, tempera and pastel on cardboard 91 cm × 73.5 cm)
Edvard Munch was a great expressionist, he was the one who had created "The Scream" somewhere between 1893 and 1910. the scream is such a sad and lonely painting. When analysing "The Scream" it is a very emotional painting. The main focus of the painting is the person stnading in the front, his ghoulish head and his face shows pain and sorrow. the men in the back show sadness. the colours and the brush strokes used show much anger and despair. -
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Futurism
the futurism movement originated in Italy in early 20th century. It was a phenomeenon in Italy but was paralleled in other places like Russia and England. Futurists were inspired by new technologies like speed, machines and even cities. Futurists were anti-romantic but were highly emotive, they aimed an eliminating the basic symmetry of the traditions. they use very irregular agitated lines that communicate tthe energy of movement. A couple of artists are Carlo Carra and Umberto Boccioni -
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Fauvism
In the Art of Fauvism, the artists would concentrated on using very bright colours, such as red, yellow or more to set the scenes of their paintings. They used brushwork that was very expressive and they would have a flat layout. Wi all of these styles of bright colurs and their flat layouts, they managed to shock the audience alot. -
Henri Matisse
The painting “Le bonheur de vivre” is a very happy painting, the colours used are very bright and cheerful. When looking at the picture the colours themselves make you smile. Even the colours of the nude people are soft happy and calming colours rather than being dark or mottled colours. The lines are so flowing and free they makeyou feel like dancing like the people in the background. -
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Cubism
Cubist Artists tended to break up objects and re-assemble them. They would do this to give the object/s many different view points to draw in the audience and make the wonder about the artworks. -
Carlo Carra - The funeral of the anarchist Galli (oil on canvas 198.7 cm. × 259.1 cm)
Carlo Carra's work "The funeral of the anarchist Galli" was done during his futurist stage. Carra was an anarchist and did this painting after an anarchist Angelo Galli was killed in a general strike by police in 1904. The police didn't allow any of the anarchists to go to his funeral starting an uproar. This work embodies the tension and chaos of the scene. the colours and use of lines makes the work angry and sad -
Umberto Boccioni - The street enters the house (Oil on canvas 100.0 cm × 100.5 cm)
Boccioni's painting "La Strada Entra Nella Casa" or "The Street Enters the House" in english was painted from behind and above a woman in blue who was looking down onto a busy street. The amount of colours, lines and the crampiness of the painting makes it seem like its a really busy street. many think that this painting is evidence of boccioni's views on women changing since he mainly used the women of his family as models for his paintings. -
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Dada
Dada came around because of all the negative reactions of World War One and their artworks completely rejected logic and reasoning, and was full of nonsense. They used a lot of different mediums, and they shocked the audience alot with their new style. -
Marcel Duchamp - Bicycle Wheel
Duchamp was a very out there thinker. He didn’t “make” many of his works per ce. He did ready made works like his bicycle wheel. He wanted to prove a point that art doesn’t have to be painted to be art. It can be a sculpture or some everyday items taken apart and reassembled in different ways or with different items. Duchamp’s ideals when it came to his art was to question logic and what can be art. He made it because “The spinning wheel, he went on, was as enthralling a flames in a fireplace” -
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Suprematism
Suprematist art was mainly just a white background with any dark colour, or white, over it with a square or a shape. they thought that this would have deep meaning to their art and this really shocked the audience or the audience would have a very strong response to the artwork that they were viewing. -
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De Stijl
De stijl would express their artwork in a way that they thought would show spiritual harmony and they would simplify their work so it was just a few lines going horizontally or vertically. They would only use a few colours, these colours being the primary colours or black and white. -
Max Beckmann - The Night (oil on canvas 133 cm × 153 cm)
Max Beckmann was working in the medical corps in WW1, because of his traumatic experiences his artworks were ve'ry powerful. In "The Night" there appaer to be 3 intruders destroying a family, the man of the family is being hung was his arm is being twisted probably broken by 2 intruders and the third is taking away the daughter after binding and possibly raping the mother. this shows the horrors of the wars and what it does to families. it really makes you think of the demons that are around us -
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Surrealism
A bizarre time in which one of the main themes was to question reality. it was free of logic and consciousness and explored our imagination more than anything. The artworks of this time included some pretty absurd and disturbing pictures but sent out messages to people that were taken in different ways. Some main artists were Salvador Dali and Rene Margritte. -
Rene Margritte - Ceci n'est pas une pipe (oil on canvas 63.5 cm × 93.98 cm)
Rene Margritte did a whole series of works called the "Ceci n'est pas" where he drew objects and said that they weren't what they were a drawing of. They all seemed like contradictions but weren't actually. An example can be "Ceci n'est pas une pipe" it translates to "This is not a pipe" which it isn't it's an image of it instead. when he was asked about it he replied it isn't a pipe just try filling it with tobacco. this is one of the paintings of surrealism that questions logic and the world -
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Op Art
Op art is an art movement that works on tricking the brain and eye with optical illusions. It started in 1964 and is still onging. The artworks of this movement were basically puzzles on a canvas that you had to undo with your eyes. Most of the artworks worked better in black and white but some artists took it the extra length and attempted to make them in colours. this didnt work as well but was still quite effective. Artists of this movement can include Bridget Riley and Victor Vasarely -
Salvador Dali - Persistence of memory (oil on canvas 24 cm × 33 cm)
Salvador Dali's painting persistence of memory is one of his most well recognized paintings. this painting was thought to have a meaning behind it as the symbol of time and space. it makes it seem that Dali was incorporating an understanding of the world and einsteins theory of relativity. dali replied that he wasn't inspired by any of that but by camembert cheese melting in the sun. from others perceptions it seems more like he is trying to relate to the fabric of our existence -
Pablo Picasso - Guernica (oil on canvas 349 cm × 776 cm)
Guernica is a horrifying picture that shows the death and carnage of the spanish civil war. on the left we see a mother holding her dead baby screaming in pain with a completely distorted face. All the faces are distorted and twisted in extreme pain and agony over the war. not only are they losing their lives but they are leaving behind loved ones. as a sign to say that this is truly evil Picasso even painted the sign of the devil on the hand of the man in the lower left corner. -
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Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism is known as the action paintings as they show very active brush strokes to create their artwork and the planes of colour that they use to show the emotions. The art movement came around after World War Two and this contributed to the energetic messiness of their works. -
Victor Vasarely - Zebras
Victor Vasarely is known as the father of op art as his piece Zebra was created in 1938. This picture works with the direction of the black and white lines. Where they are curved in certain places our eyes rearrange them to create and image within the lines of a zebra. This sort of image is to entertain the viewer -
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Pop art
Pop art presented a challenge to trditions of fine art by using imagery from the popular culture such as advertising and news. it was the movement from which photos and paintings are taken from their usual surroundings and put somewhere random. these thigns can include animals, celebrities and household items. a couple of artists from this movement include Richard Hamilton and Lichenstein. -
Jackson Pollock - Blue poles: number 11 (oil on canvas 210 cm × 486.8 cm)
jacksons word blue poles is an extremely emotional and abstract painting. the way the paint is thrown and dripped onto the canvas shows massive amounts of emotion. the ways its painted seems almost angry the colours are dull though so it seems sad. the red and yellow give an agressive feel to it as well. the figureness to the poles is the abstract part of the painting but they are angry poles, they seem more like slashes through the artwork. -
Richard Hamilton - Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing? (collage 26 cm × 24.8 cm)
Richard Hamilton known as the founder of Pop art was known for his collage "Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?" Because of this collage it is also believed that this is where the name Pop art came from.although it is a collage from he positioning of the images it makes it seem 3 dimensional. this was a challenge to traditions because in the past only tiny objexts were placed on canvases, never an entire canvas full of objects. -
Bridget Riley - Blaze (emulsion on hardboard 109.2cm x 109.2cm)
Bridget Riley is one of the first known op artists who carried it through. she did multiple prints most of them were black and white as it was easiest to create op art without colour. Her artworks blaze is a print of zig zags that bend in certain areas to create multiple rings of lines in alternating directions. Riley created her paintings to entertain as she used black and white geomeric shapes so the paintings seemed to move and/or warp -
Lichenstein - Crying Girl (enamel on steel 116.8 x 116.8 cm)
Lichenstein was one of the artists who blew up pictures to massive proportions. Like his image "Crying Girl" he has done many others where he has gotten a panel from a comic and blown it up. Lichenstein was very particular to the "dot" technique where the image is literally made of dots. our eyes join the dots together and fill in the colour to create a whole image.
