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Coinage Act of 1873
Officially committed US to gold standard -
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Outlawed racial discrimination, on juries, public places, on railroads and streetcars -
Munn v Illinois
Supreme Court rejected Railroad's appeal challenging Granger's lobbying to get state legislature to pass laws fixing max rates for freight shipments; the Supreme Court also upheld IL Law setting max rate for grain storage -
Brand Allison Silver Act
Expanded money in circulation by remonetizing silver -
Election of 1880
Rep: Garfield (WINNER)--assasinated in 1881--replaced by VP Arthur
Dem: Weaver -
Chinese Exclusion Act
10 year ban on a Chinese immigration. Made permanent in 1902 -
Civil Rights Cases
Court declared CRA of 1875 unconstitutional -
Pendleton Civil Service Act
Response to public disgust over corruption; required some federal workers to pass civil service exams, establish standards of merit for federal jobs and prevented taking contributions -
Election of 1884
Dem: Grover Cleveland (WINNER)--"anti-government corruption"
Rep: Blaine -
Haymarket Square Incident
Chicago- Workers threw a bomb, killed 7 cops, cops killed 4 protestors, arrested 8, and 4 were executed -
Interstate Commerce Act
First federal attempt to go control unfair RR practices; created a 5 member interstate commission to oversee interstate RR practices; banned monopolies -
Election of 1888
Rep: Harrison (WINNER)--gave supporters pension rolls--created first national public welfare program
Dem: Cleveland -
Sherman Antitrust Act
Congress outlawed trusts and monopolies that fixed prices in restraint of trade -
Sherman Silver Purchase Act
Response to farmers calls for inflationary monetary policies -
McKinley Tariff
Pushed rates up -
Homestead Strike
Carnegie Steel Plant- company lockout sparked a violent strike -
Panic of 2893
1893: Philly and Reading RR goes Bankrupt
Stockholders sold stock to buy gold
US Gold Reserves are drained
Cleveland convinced Congress Repeal Sherman Silver Purchase Act
1894: 1/4 RR= Bankrupt
RR down GOLD down STOCK MARKET down -
Pullman Car Company Strike
Pullman owned his own city; The Depression of 1893 caused a decrease in wages, but rent stayed the same; Workers strike--Led by Eugene V Debs -
In Re Debs
Supreme Court ruled that it was legal to use injunctions against Unions -
Plessy v Ferguson
"separate but equal" is declared constitutional by the Supreme Court -
Election of 1896
Rep: Mckinley (WINNER)---political realignment
Dem: Bryan -
Dingley Tariff
Pushed rates to all time high -
Election of 1900
Rep: McKinley (WINNER) 2nd Term--Progressivism emerged
Dem: Bryan -
Currency Act
Officially commits US to gold standard -
National Reclamation Act
(aka Newlands Act) designated money from public land sales for water management and dams and irrigation projects -
Permanent: Chinese Exclusion Act
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Election of 1904
Rep: Roosevelt (WINNER)
Dem: Parker
Socialist: Eugene V Debs -
Hepburn Act
Strengthened government power to regulate RR -
Sherman Currency Act
Please silver inflationists without giving up gold domination; placed US currency on internationally accepted monetary basis---set aside a gold reserve exchange for paper money -
Pure Food and Drugs Act
Protected consumers from dangerous ingridents in foods and drugs -
Meat Inspection Act
Imposed strict sanitary rules On meat packets and set up federal meat inspection system -
Danbury Hatters Case
Supreme Court forbade Unions from organizing boycotts in support of strikes - "conspiracy in restraint of trade" - violated Sherman Antitrust Act -
Muller v Oregon
Supreme Court upheld 10 hour law for women laundry workers -
Election of 1908
Rep: Taft (Conservative influenced by Manufacturers) (WINNER)
Dem: Bryan--called for lower tariffs, denounced trusts, pro-labor -
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Raised taxes on hundreds of items -
Mann Act
Illegal to transport a woman across state line for immoral purposes -
Mann-Elkins Act
Increased ICC rate setting lower and extended regulation authority for telephone and telegraph companies -
Election of 1912
Rep: Taft
Dem: Wilson (WINNER- linked with reform--"NEW FREEDOM")- Democrats took both houses
Progressive: Roosevelt (new party) -
16th Amendment
Congress can tax income -
17th Amendment
direct election of US Congress -
Federal Reserve Act of December 1913
Created 12 regional federal reserve banks under mixed public and private control-step toward national banking system -
Narcotics Act
Aka Harrison act; banned distubtuon of heroin morphine coke and addictive drugs -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Created FTC to investigate violations of federal regulations -
Federal Trade Commission Act
FTC CREATED -
Election of 1916
Rep: Hughes
Dem: Wilson (winner)--Progressive movement lost momentum as WW1 neared -
Keating Owen Act
Barred from interstate commerce products made from child labor (unconstitutional in 1918) -
Adamson Act
8 hr work day for interstate rr workers -
Workmen's Compensation Act
GIves accident and injury protection to federal workers -
Federal Farm Loan Act and Federal Warehouse Act
Allowed farmers using land or crops as security to get loans from the federal government -
18th Amendment
alcohol is illegal -
19th Amendment
women's suffrage -
Federal Highway Act
provided matching funds for state highway programs benefiting new car industries and farmers plagued with bad roads (didn't help blacks) -
Election of 1992
Rep: Harrison
Dem: Cleveland (WINNER)
Populist: Weaver