-
Period: 1491 to
APUSH
[Link text] -
Monroe Doctrine
President James Monroe articulated United States’ policy on the new political order developing in the rest of the Americas and the role of Europe in the Western Hemisphere. The Western Hemisphere was no longer open for European colonization The political system of the Americas was different from Europe. The US would regard any interference in Western hemispheric affairs as a threat to its security. The US would keep out of European wars and would not disturb existing colonies. -
Gold Rush
On this day the Gold Rush began. James Wilson Marshall found gold at John Sutters Mill in the Sacramento Valley. -
Compromise of 1850
North gets:
-California admitted as a free state
-Slave trade prohibited in Washington D.C.
-Texas loses boundary dispute with New Mexico South gets:
-No slavery restrictions in Utah or New Mexico territories
-Slaveholding permitted in Washington D.C.
-Texas gets $10 million
-Fugitive Slave Law -
Gadsden Purchase
America was ceded the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico for ten million dollars. This new land gave the south a claim for the railroad, due to more land that was less mountainous and had already been settled. -
Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln, John Bell, Stephen Douglas, and John Breckinridge, all run in the election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln wins the election but is a minority because 60% of people did not vote for him. In 10 southern states he wasn't even on the ballet. He was not voted for by very few if any in the south. -
Central Pacific Railroad
railroad that started in Sacramento and connected with the Union Pacific Railroad in Promentary Point, Utah. It hired Chinese immigrants -
Homestead Act of 1862
This act provided that any adult citizen, or intended citizen, who had never borne arms against the U.S. government could claim 160 acres of surveyed government land. After 5 years on the land, the original filer was entitled to the property, free and clear, except for a small registration fee. Title could also be acquired after only a 6-month residency and trivial improvements, provided the claimant paid the government $1.25 per acre. -
Laird Rams
Two Confederate warships were being built in Britain. Ships were being designed with iron rams to destroy the wooden Union ships. If they reached the Union, this would have led to disastrous effects and potentially the Union invading Canada. The London government pulled back at the last minute and bought the two ships to avoid war. -
10 Percent Plan
a state could be reinstated into the union if 10% of the population from confederate states pledge alligence to the country and to the president. They would be able to set up a state government but would have to surrender slavery. -
Black Codes
Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts. Increased Northerners' criticisms of President Andrew Johnson's lenient Reconstruction policies -
Panic of 1873
Serious economic depression beginning in 1893. Began due to rail road companies over-extending themselves, causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in the history of the country until that point, and, some say, as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s. -
Great Railroad Steike of 1877
A violent but ultimately unsuccessful interstate strike, which resulted in extensive property damage and many deaths. The first major interstate strike in us history. The panic of 1873 caused railroad lines to cut wages which caused workers to walk off the job and block the tracks- it eventually turned violent. Federal troops finally quelled the violence. After workers turned violent the public began to blame them for the looting and violence and they lost all sympathy -
American Federation of Labor
founded by Samuel Gompers; sought better wages, hrs, working conditions; skilled laborers, arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor, rejected socialist and communist ideas, non-violent. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1890
First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions -
Panic of 1893
In the last days of the Harrison administration, the Reading Railroad, a major eastern line, went into receivership. That collapse was soon magnified by the failures of hundreds of banks and businesses dependent upon the Reading and other railroads. The stock market reacted with a dramatic plunge. European investors pulled their funds from the United States, but depression soon gripped the other side of the Atlantic as well. An ongoing agricultural depression in the West and South deepened. -
Muckrakers
Sensationalist journalists in the 20th century who used their public influence to reveal corporate corruption -
Platt Amendment
The Platt Amendment addressed a fundamental problem for the expanding US. In 1898, the U.S. government had pledged under the Teller Amendment to withdraw from Cuba once Spain had been defeated in the Spanish‐American War.But after the U.S. military victory, Washington wished to maintain the strategic gains of 1898 and did not trust the Cubans to establish a government friendly to American interests.The Platt Amendment resolved this contradiction by in essence making Cuba a U.S. protectorate -
Department of Commerce and Labor Department
Department of Commerce and Labor
Department established by Roosevelt to deal with domestic economic affairs. Later split into two departments for better management. -
Theodore Roosevelt
President of the United States from 1901-1909, this man with a mythic reputation was notable for his corollary of the Monroe Doctrine and for being the first real progressivist president. -
The KKK re-emerges
People once again become afraid of foreigners and use them as a scapegoat for wrong that is done in the US. The KKK re-emerges And is very antiforeigners not directly but because they had the idea that the natives deserved more. -
Science vs Religion
There is a struggle with scientific discoveries that are against Christian teaching. Religious people do not want their kids being tought anything that goes against our faith and they take it to court to decide if schools schools be able to teach evolution. -
Plane
The first plane was created in 1903 and was in the air for 12 seconds traveling 120 feet which seems insignificant by today’s standards but was a big deal and in 1927 a plane was flown from New York to Paris taking just over 33 hours. -
Main Cause of the Great Depression
Stock Market Crash of 1929
Many believe erroneously that the stock market crash that occurred on Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929 is one and the same with the Great Depression. In fact, it was one of the major causes that led to the Great Depression. Two months after the original crash in October, stockholders had lost more than $40 billion dollars. -
Main Cause of the Great Depression
Bank Failures
Throughout the 1930s over 9,000 banks failed. Bank deposits were uninsured and thus as banks failed people simply lost their savings. Surviving banks, unsure of the economic situation and concerned for their own survival, stopped being as willing to create new loans. This exacerbated the situation leading to less and less expenditures. -
Main Cause of the Great Depression
American Economic Policy with Europe
As businesses began failing, the government created the Smoot-Hawley Tariff in 1930 to help protect American companies. This charged a high tax for imports thereby leading to less trade between America and foreign countries along with some economic retaliation. -
Main causes of the Great Depression
Reduction in Purchasing Across the Board
With the stock market crash and the fears of further economic woes, individuals from all classes stopped purchasing items. This then led to a reduction in the number of items produced and thus a reduction in the workforce. More and more inventory began to accumulate. The unemployment rate rose above 25% which meant, of course, even less spending to help alleviate the economic situation. -
Agricultural Adjustment Act
AAA, 1933, Paid farmers to burn their crops, provided crop subsides, provided long lasting education for farmers -
Civilian Conservation Corps
CCC, 1933, Public work relief program for single young men to work to conserve natural resources and parks -
Works Progress Administration
WPA, 1935, created construction jobs for unskilled workers, provided jobs & funding for arts, movies, literature, etc. -
Rock’n’Roll
"Crossover" musical style that rose to dominance in the 1950s, merging black rhythm and blues and driving rhythm, rock 'n' roll music became a defining feature of the 1950s youth culture. -
Checkers Speech
Nationally televised address by vice-presidential candidate Richard Nixon during which he defended himselve against the allegations of corruption. Using the new mass medium of television shortly before the 1952 election, the vice-presidential candidate saved his place on the ticket by saying the only campaign gift he had received was a cocker spanial named Checkers. -
European Economic Community
Free-trade zone in Wester Europe created by Treaty of Rome in 1957. Often referred to as the "Common Market," this collection of countries originally included France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. The body eventually expanded to become the European Union, which by 2005 included twenty-seven member states. -
Modernization Theory
The idea that the traditional societies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America could develop into prosperous, democratic countries by following America's lead -
Tet Offensive
a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968.; ended in a military defeat for the VC, but caused Americans to demand N end to the war -
March on Washington
MLK led 200,000 black and white demonstrators in support of the proposed new civil rights legislation which sprung up following World War two as a means of trying to create equality for blacks. -
Bag of Pigs
A group of Cuban exiles organized and supported be the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure. -
Trade Expansion Act
The Act gave the President the power to reduce tariffs in order to promote trade. Kennedy could lower some tariffs by as much as 50%, and, in some cases, he could eliminate them. -
March on Washington
Massive civil rights demonstration in August 1963 in support of Kennedy-backed legislation to secure legal protections for American blacks. One of the most visually impressive manifestations of the civil rights movement, the march was the occassion of Martin Luther King's famous "I have a Dream" speech. -
War on Poverty
Johnson figured that since the Gross National Profit had risen, the country had lots of extra money "just lying around," so he'd use it to fight poverty. It started many small programs, Medicare, Head Start, and reorganized immigration to eliminate national origin quotas. It was put on hold during the Vietnam War. -
Second-wave feminism
The feminist movement starting in the 1960s, particularly in America, where women campaigned for social and economic rights in addition to the more basic rights they had won during first-wave. -
Philadelphia Plan
nixon's strategy requiring construction trade unions to establish goals and timetables for the hiring of black apprentices -
“Silent Majority”
label nixon gave to middle-class americans who supported him, obeyed the laws, and wanted "peace with honor" in vietnam, he contrasted this group with students and civil rights activists who disrupted the country with protests in the late 1960s and early 1970s
