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Period: 1299 to
Ottoman Empire
Founded by Osman. Future rulers were known as Sultans. Much stronger than their Shia counterparts, the Safavids. Conquered Constantinople and the Byzantines in 1453 -
Period: 1434 to 1444
Henry the Navigator's voyages
Voyages under the leadership of Henry the Navigator went from Portugal along the West Coast of Africa as far as the peninsula of Senegal. -
1453
Byzantine/Constantinople Fall/Gutenberg Printing Press
Ottoman empire captures Constantinople and renames it Istambul. This marks the end of the feudalism era now that the holy city of Constantinople is under Muslim control. The Printing Press was also invented around this time, leading to the Protestant Reformation since Martin Luther's 95 Theses could now be published. -
1485
Ivan III becomes Independent from the Mongols
While the Mongol Khans are fighting and slowly falling apart, Ivan is able to declare independence away from their territory. -
1492
Columbus discovers North America/ The Colombian exchange begins
Once Colombus landed in the Bahamas, the exchange had already begun. Disease was being spread, and soon the Europeans would return with more goods and animals. Later on, West Africa was part of the exchange because of the need for slaves in the new world. -
Period: 1493 to 1528
Askia Muhammad
Greatest Songhai Emperor. Made Islam a key feature of the empire. He also produced economical benefits after taking control of the gold and salt trade in Mali. -
Period: 1501 to
Safavid Empire
Gunpowder, Shia Islam Empire. Much weaker than the Sunni Ottomans. Founded by 16-year-old Shah Ismail I. Disregarded by the Ottomans because the Safavids were Shia. -
Period: 1502 to 1520
Montezuma II Reign
Was the Aztec Leader during the Spanish invasion. He was killed early on. The Capital Tenochtitlan was taken by Hernan Cortes. -
Period: 1509 to 1542
Reign of Afonso 1
King of the Kongo. Known for his attempts to establish equality between the Europeans and the Kongo -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther Hangs 95 Theses
95 Theses are hung on the door of a Catholic Church, sparking the Protestant Reformation -
Period: 1520 to 1566
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent
Best and most important ruler during the Ottoman golden age. Known for being religiously tolerant (unless you were Shia) Ex include the Jannisaries from the Balkan area. -
Period: 1526 to
Mughal Empire
Founded After Babur defeated the last of the Delhi Sultanate. This Empire had a Hindu majority ruled by a Muslim minority. Conversions from Hinduism to Islam occurred. -
1532
Francisco Pizarro takes control of Inca Empire
Pizzaro was able to capture the Incan Emperor and use his authority to control the empire. He was then executed in 1533 as the last true Incan emperor. -
Period: 1543 to
Dutch Empire
NOTE: The dates are from the earliest existence of the Dutch to the very end of their colonization. A trade-focused maritime empire. The VOC (dutch trading company) had exclusive access to Japanese ports and held a monopoly in Indonesia. The West India Company had access to goods in the triangle trade in the Americas. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Council of Trent
A group of Catholics who tried to regain the faith of followers after the Protestant reformation. Tried to regain and repair the status of the Pope. -
Period: 1550 to
Scientific Revolution
a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature. -
Period: to
Manchu/Qing Dynasty
Gun Powder Empire. Chinese Dynasty which was founded by the Manchu Chinese who overthrew the last Han Dynasty (Ming). Longest Dynasty in Chinese history. The Manchu were originally a group of farmers in the North of China, but they were able to join together and begin the Qing transition. -
Period: to
Peter the Great Reign
Peter the Great was the most crucial ruler in the Russian Empire. He modernized Russia (they caught up to the rest of the world). Made St. Petersberg the new capital.
