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War of Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was the first world war of modern times with theatres of war in Spain, Italy, Germany, Holland, and at sea. It resulted in the partition of the Spanish Monarchy. -
Fredrick the Great of Prussia
Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great, was Prussia's king from 1740 to 1786. By winning wars and expanding territories, he established Prussia as a strong military power. -
War of Austrian Succession
Fought by Austria, Britain, and the Netherlands against Prussia, France, and Spain in support of the right of succession of Maria Theresa to the Austrian throne and against the territorial aims of Prussia. -
Seven Years War
The Seven Years’ War essentially comprised two struggles. One centered on the maritime and colonial conflict between Britain and its Bourbon enemies, France and Spain; the second, on the conflict between Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia and his opponents: Austria, France, Russia, and Sweden. -
Napoleon Rises to Power
Napoleon first seized political power in a coup d'état in 1799 when he removed the French Directory. He then made himself the first consul which meant that he had all the power now. -
Romanticism
The artistic movement emphasized the emotions rather than the rationalism emphasized earlier in the Enlightenment. Romanticism also expresses an artist's freedom and increased nationalism. -
Removal of Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon was abdicated on June 22, 1815 by his son Napoleon. After Napoleon lost the Battle of Waterloo he lost all his political power in France. -
Congress of Vienna
The Congress of Vienna restored the French throne to the Bourbons and got rid of the slave trade. They also created a balance of power through out Europe. -
Liberalism
Liberalism advocated for limited government and private rights to property and enterprise. This is significant as it is the shape of modern American government and democracy. It was a big movement from 1830-1870. -
Revolutions of 1848
The 1848 revolutions resulted in the abolishment of feudalism in Prussia and Austria. They assisted in creating the French Second Republic however, they failed to create a democratic government. -
Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx and Engels publish the Communist Manifesto on January 1, 1848. The manifesto included new ideas of politics that came out during the revolution. -
Imperialism
Imperialism is the idea of creating an empire by conquering the other state's lands and therefore increasing its own dominance. Europeans imperalised many places such as Africa. -
Realism and Materialism
Realism and materialism replaced the idea of Romanticism from the 1850s-1870s. Realism and materialism focused on the problems of the people in the working class and peasants. -
Crystal Palace
The Crystal Palace was a huge glass and iron structure originally built in 1851 for the Great Exhibition held in London's Hyde Park. -
Crimean War
The Crimean War led to Russia losing a lot of its allies and also resulted in the decline of the Ottoman Empire. The Treaty of Paris was signed to end this war. -
Darwin publishes Origin of Species
Darwin publishes Origin of Species in which he writes his theories on evolution. He believes that evolution occurs through natural selection. -
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian war resulted in the Prussians controlling the German States. This created a shit in power from Austria to Prussia. -
Second Industrial Revolution
It was a phase of rapid scientific discovery, standardization, mass production, and industrialization from the late 19th century into the early 20th century. It led to the imperialism of Africa and Asia. -
French and Prussian War.
The immediate cause of the Franco-Prussian War was the candidacy of Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen for the Spanish throne. This war resulted in the overthrowing the Second Government and also led to the unification of Germany and Italy. -
Berlin Conference
They discussed the breaking apart of Africa, establishing rules to amicably divide resources among the Western countries at the expense of the African people. All Europeans agreed to boundaries and trade agreements. -
Revolution of 1905 in Russia
The Russian revolution was a wave of mass political and social unrest that spread through vast areas of the Russian Empire.The revolution was basically a giant massacre. -
Beginning of World War 1
This war made the US a leader in industrial power. It also promoted the growth of naturalism in the world -
Bolshevik Revolution
Leftist revolutionaries led by Bolshevik Party leader Vladimir Lenin launched a nearly bloodless coup d'état against the Duma's provisional government. It led to the removal of the Provisional governmetn from power. -
End of World War 1
World War 1 gave women more of a voice in politics and caused fascism and communism to become more prevalent in countries like Italy and Russia. Germany was forced to pay for reparations which put them in serious debt. -
Treaty of Versailles
The treaty of Versailles was signed by the Allied Powers and Germany. It made Germany surrender and pay for reparations. It also created the League of Nations. -
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism is a form of government and a political system that prohibits all opposition parties, outlaws individual and group opposition to the state and its claims, and exercises an extremely high degree of control. -
Mussolini comes to power
Mussolini comes to power in Italy. He bans all political powers except for fascists. -
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin came into power in 1928 and ruled Russia until his death in 1953. Stalin transformed the country from an agrarian peasant society into a global superpower. -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression was the biggest economic downturn since the start of the industrial revolution. It lasted from 1929-1939. It left many people unemployed and descend into poverty. Investors were basically forced to pull money out of Germany and demand repayment of loans. -
Hitler become the Chancellor of Germany
Hitler is appointed Chancellor because he promises to bring the Germans out of their enormous war debt and better the citizens livelihoods. The Great Depression was the main reason why Hitler became Chancellor. -
Night of Long Knives
The Night of Long Knives was a purge led by Hitler on June 30, 1934 and ended in July 2, 1934. Hitler feared that the parliament SA was becoming too powerful so Hitler ordered his elite guards to murder some of their top leaders. -
Spanish Civil War.
The Spanish Civil War was a revolt against the Republican government of Spain. Once a coup failed the war broke out in full force and lasted 3 years. -
Nazi invaded Poland
The Nazi invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. They justified that the reason they were invading Poland was because Poland was persecuting ethnic Germans in Poland. This caused the British and France to declare war on Germany. -
Munich Conference
The Munich Conference was the height of the Appeasement. This Conference gave Sudentland to Hitler. -
Churchill becomes Prime Minister
Churchill replaces Neville Chamberlain as British Prime Minister. Winston Churchill is best known for successfully leading Britain through World War 2. -
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa happened during World War 2 when the Germans began invading Russia. This operation was not successful for Germany as they failed to defeat Soviet troops. -
U.S. joins World War II
The U.S. get involved in World War II once Japans bombs Pearl Harbor. Germany soon declares war on the U.S. too because they believed that the U.S. was weak. -
D-Day
D-Day was the biggest and largest invasion that the Allies launched in World War 2. The Allied forces landed on the Normandy beaches in order to liberate north-west Europe from Nazi control. -
End of World War II
This war was very destructive and left millions of people dead and millions homeless. World War II resulted in the dividing of Germany into 4 divisions. This greatly benefited the U.S. economically. -
United Nations founded
Once World War II ends and the United Nations is founded. It was founded to maintain international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress. -
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of unrest between the United States and the Soviet Union which began after WWII. It was a very dangerous war because the 2 countries kept on developing more destructive firepower. -
Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift was a crisis that the Soviet Union began by blockading roads, railways, and waterways to Allied-controlled areas of Berlin. The U.S. and U.K. therefore began to airlift food and fuel to Berlin from bases in Germany. -
Hungarian Revolution
The Hungarian revolt was a nation-wide revolt against Communist government of Hungary and its Soviet imposed policies. It ended up placing Hungary under more communist control. -
Creation of the European Economic Community (EEC)
The EEC was created by the Treaty of Rome. It eliminated trade barriers and also becomes motivation for economic advancements in Western Europe. -
Sputnik is launched
The Sputnik was launched on October 4, 1957 by Russia. It was the first artificial satellite launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit. -
Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall was a guarded barrier that divided Berlin. It encircled and separated West Berlin from East German territories. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban missile crisis was the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff in October 1962 over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba. It helped overthrow Khrushchev in 1964. -
Prague Spring
The Prague Spring removed Alexander Dubcek from office. The Soviet Union moved troops into Czechoslovkia. Anti-communist ideas helped in 1989 when Czechoslovkia broke free form the Soviet Union. -
Gorbachev rises to power in Soviet Union
Gorbachev is known for reforming the Soviet Union. He eliminated the monopoly that the Ministry of Foreign Trade had once held on most trade operations. -
Fall of Berlin Wall
The fall of the Berlin Wall resulted in Germany unifying into one country. It also helped increase the spread of capitalism and it was the final event to stop communism.