Anna Saje Colonial American Timeline

In 1587, 100 men, women, and children settled on Roanoke Island under the leadership of John White. Later that year it was decided that John White their governor, would travel back to Europe to gather new supplies. In 1590 John White arrived back on Roanoke and found the settlement deserted. Only the word CROATON carved onto the palisades and CRO carved into a nearby tree. Known as the lost colony.
Sited from in class notes.

London was relatively poor and needed the colony to return to profit. The Virginia Company of London established a colony along the coast of Virginia. Only 38 of the 150 settlers survived the first winter. The gentlemen refused to work. John Smith was the Jamestown leader he declared that those who didn't work didn't eat. 1612 John Rolfe and Pocahontas planted tobacco. They developed Virginias first profitable export.
[https://historicjamestowne.org/history/virginia-company/](timetoast)

Modeled after the first English parliament the first legislature made up of elected representatives in North America was established in Jamestown. Governor George Yeardley arrived in Virginia from England and announced that Virginia Company had voted to abolish martial law. Only property owners could vote to elect representatives to the House of Burgesses. 1624 Virginia became a royal colony under King James I.
class notes
https://www.ushistory.org/us/2f.asp

The Pilgrims settled the Plymouth Colony. About 100 passengers set sail aboard the Mayflower to seek religious independence from England. After 65 days at sea the Mayflower came to Cape Cod. Far off from their initial destination near the Hudson River. They decided to not to continue their journey. The Mayflower Compact established the foundation for the colony government. It was the first self government plan in the colonies and it pledged their cooperation in front of God.
Cited from notes.

Settled by the Dutch in 1624, it was called New Netherlands and New York was called New Amsterdam. English merchant Henry Hudson came across New York while trying to find a northeast passage to Asia. The Dutch used "Patroon" System to promote settlement. In 1664 the British went to take New Netherlands and the Dutch surrendered. The territory was renamed the Duke of York.
https://www.history.com/news/the-dutch-surrender-new-netherland-350-years-ago
In class notes

The Puritans settled in the massachusetts bay colony in 1630. The charter from King Charles I led 1,000 Puritans settling in massachusetts. They were led by Governor John Winthrop who believed,"We shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of the people are on us." The Puritan laws that governed the colony were tied to the beliefs of the Puritan Church. Dissenters were people who didn't follow the rules of the puritan rule and laws.The Dissenters formed other New England colonies.
In class notes

Maryland is a Southern colony settled by Lord Baltimore. Baltimore was a Catholic who convinced King Charles I to grant him 100 million acres for persecuted Catholics to stay. Baltimore died before he could do anything with the land. His son Cecil Calvert took over managing the colony but did it a bit differently. He offered 100 acres to every married couple who settled in Maryland. The Toleration Act of 1649 granted religious freedom to all Christians living in Maryland.
From in class notes

New England Colony settled by Rodger Williams and his supporters in 1635.Rodger Williams was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out against the government authorities punishing those who spoke out against their religion and against the owning of Native American land. Found Rhode Island where there is no religious persecution against Christians.
Cited from in class notes.

Rhode Island is a new England Colony settled by Rodger Williams in 1635. Rodger Williams was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out against government authorities punishing religious differences and against taking the natives land. William founded Rhode Island where there was religious freedom for Christians.
Cited from In class Notes

Connecticut a New England Colony was settled by Thomas Hooker in 1636. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was the first written constitution in North America. It created in 1639.This was inspired by Thomas Hooker's Sermon. Prior to this they had no formal instruction of government. In Massachusetts, citizenship was based on land ownership not religion.
In class notes.
https://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/the-fundamental-orders-of-connecticut/

In England during the 17th century there was very little religious freedom. The King was in control of the religion. Anyone who didn't follow England's strict Catholic beliefs or religious practices were punished. The Act of Toleration was passed by Maryland in April 24, 1649 and gave religious freedom to all who believed that Jesus was the Son of God. https://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1601-1700/maryland-toleration-act-11630122.html

Carolina is a Southern Colony settled by supporters of King Charles II in 1663. King Charles II granted 8 supporters land in the Carolinas. The Carolinas had easy access to the trade in the West Indies so people settled there for the cash crops. Cash Crops are grown for the purpose of selling rather than being grown for just the farmer to use. 1720 African Slaves outnumbered European settlers in the Carolinas 2:1.
Cited from in class notes.

Nathaniel Bacon raised an unauthorized militia of indentured servants, slaves, and poor families to retaliate against a series of Native American attacks by the Virginia frontier. Virginias Governor William Berkeley gathered an army to fight against Bacon and his men. Some believe Bacon had an ulterior motive instead of simply being upset with Berkeley's refusal to retaliate against the Native Americans. Bacon and his men destroyed Jamestown. Rebellion ended after Bacons death.
Cited for notes

A middle colony settled by William Penn in 1682. King Charles II granted William Penn a charter for the colony of Pennsylvania. Penn established it as a "Holy Experiment". Which meant you would not have a landowning aristocracy where every male settler received 50 acres and the right to vote.1660 Penn became a Quaker and his colony soon followed in his religious choice. The Quakers or Society of Friends was established in 1647 but wasn't formally organized until 1668.
Cited from in class notes

The Navigation Act intended that every trade had to be shipped by an English ship from America to England. The British Government rarely enforced it in the colonies. American Colonists ignored this law and continued trading and selling with the Dutch and French West Indies. Salutary Neglect is an unofficial British policy in the colonies or international lack of enforcement by England.https://historyofmassachusetts.org/what-was-the-british-policy-of-salutary-neglect/

During Fall of 1692 young girls of Salem Massachusetts claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused a local women of witchcraft. Salem was a very religious village and the thought of evil in their town brought waves of hysteria. 150 people were imprisoned for witchcraft, 7 died in prison, 19 were found guilty and hung, and Giles Corey was crushed to death. After Giles death many people realized that it might have gone too far. The hysteria ended September 1692.
Cited from in class notes.

The Great awakening was a religious revival were Christians traveled town to town preaching about salvation. Jonathon Edwards was one of the chiefs of the Awakening he would scare people back to the faith. George Whitefield in one year covered 5,000 miles of America preaching. Enlightenment thinker had a more scientific view on the world. Around this time the 13 colonies were religiously divided.https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening

The Albany Union was a plan to place the British North American colonies in a more centralized government. Representatives from seven from the North American colonies adopted the plan. The Albany Plan was the first important proposal of the colonies as a united whole under one government. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan

The French brought conflict by expanding into the Ohio river valley. 1754 the French won a string of conflicts. 1756 the British finally declared war. British commander Lord Loudoun met little success against France with the Indians as their allies. 1757 William Pitt turned things around. The British won in 1763 by gaining control back of lands and the signing of the Treaty of Paris.https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war

It was made by the British at the end of the French-Indian War. Pontiac and King George III declared all land west of Appalachians were off limits to colonial settlers.This was made to protect the Natives from attacks by white settlers. This forbade colonial governments and private citizens from buying from Natives. Only traders would be allowed to travel west and deal with natives. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of

Th Great Migration is the relocation of more than 6 million African Americans. They went from went from rural south to the cities of the north. Many African left the south due to poor economic opportunities and harsh segregation. Going north would help them take advantage of the need for industrial workers during the first world war. Africans began building a new public life and confront racial prejudice. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration