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22,000 BCE
Beringia
The theory of Beringia is that the ancient ancestors of the first Americans left Siberia between 24,000 and 21,000 years ago. That’s been confirmed by comparing the DNA of Paleo-Americans with the DNA of Paleo-Siberians. Nomads following migrating animals are believed to have used the Beringia land bridge that connected Eastern Asia and Western North America. The last ice age made this possible with the ocean levels being lower. Prezi -
Period: 22,000 BCE to
Ancient North American History
From the arrival of peoples in 22000BC to Present Day. -
19,000 BCE
North Atlantic (Solutrean Hypothesis)
The original Solutrean culture originates from the region which includes present-day France, Portugal, and Spain, and flourished around 21,000 years ago. Many people believe that the first humans arriving in North America came from Europe to the east coast 5,000 years before they came to the west coast from Asia.YouTube -
16,000 BCE
Pacific Coastal Migration Theory
The Pacific coastal migration theory proposes that people first reached the Americas via water travel, following coastlines from northeast Asia into the Americas. PBS -
11,500 BCE
11500–9500 BC Paleo-Indian Pre-Clovis peoples arrived in North America
Archaeological evidence from pre-Clovis sites continues to grow. It suggests the pre-Clovis people had a lifestyle based on a combination of hunting, gathering, and fishing. Evidence for pre-Clovis use of bone tools, and for the use of nets and fabrics has also been discovered. Some sites show a partial reliance on large-bodied mammals, such as Bison and Mammoths. Paleo-Indians used the atlatl and dart system to hunt large animals. YouTube -
9500 BCE
9500 –8800 BC Clovis peoples appeared in North America
The Clovis culture, along with the Clovis spear point, was named after the town of Clovis in New Mexico, where some of the first Clovis points were found. However, Clovis points are distributed throughout the United States, and they are surprisingly similar over this huge range.Prezi -
8000 BCE
8000–6500 BC
Kill sites are found in many areas. They are evidence of big game hunting and butchering in a specific are such as the Olsen–Chubbuck Bison kill site. It is a Paleo-Indian site that provides evidence for bison hunting and using a game drive system, long before the use of the bow and arrow or horses. Prezi -
7000 BCE
Kennewick Man
Kennewick Man believed to have died in the Kennewick area of Washington State -
6500 BCE
The Three Sisters (Corn, Beans, and Squash)
Corn, beans, and squash have a very long history in the Americas. Squash was domesticated first, with maize second and beans third. Eating corn, beans and squash together – as the ancient Indians did also enhances the nutritional benefits of each. Together, the complementary amino acids of the Three Sisters form complete proteins, virtually eliminating the need for meat in the diet.HeritageGarden -
6499 BCE
Native technology
Mano (Spanish for “hand”) and metate (the larger stone surface) were used for grinding corn before it was cooked.
The mortar and pestle, grinding with a rock and stone bowl, were used not only to pound and grind meat, berries and roots, but also to mix different foods into meal bags for traveling. -
6000 BCE
Archaic Period
The beginning of the Archaic period, the climate became drier and Ice Age mammals became extinct. The Archaic Period begins as the environments change to resemble modern environments. This period is characterized as a hunting and gathering life. Important Archaic cultural developments included the use of the atlatl, and containers of stone and pottery. MuseumLink -
3000 BCE
3000 BC-1000AD Woodland Period
The Woodland Period is characterized by expanding plant expertise and the use of ceramics. Pottery technology improved with a variety of shapes and sizes. Before this time, hunting was done with spears and the use of the atlatl, which is a stick used to propel a spear or dart. It was during this time that Native Americans of North America first started using the bow and arrow. WordPress -
1000
1000-1520AD Mississippian Period
Mississippian people were horticulturalists. They grew much of their food in small gardens using simple tools like stone axes, digging sticks, and fire. Corn, beans, squash, sunflowers, goosefoot, and other plants were cultivated. They also ate wild plants and animals, gathering nuts and fruits and hunting small animals such as deer, rabbits, and turkeys. Mississippian people are also known for fishing.Prezi -
1670AD to Present Historic Period
The Historic Period begins with colonization by the British. Trading posts were established. The English Colonial economy thrived on the deerskin trade and slave-labor plantations. Many natives died from wars and diseases that the Europeans brought. Unable to fight off the white settlers demanding land, many Native American tribes were forced to migrate to Indian Territory. YouTube -
1996AD Kennewick Man Found
Kennewick controversy-The skeleton, which came to be known as Kennewick Man or the Ancient One, is one of the oldest and perhaps the most important ever found in North America. Scientists wanted to study the skeleton and Native Americans wanted to give him a proper burial. The natives ended up winning after years in court.YouTube