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Period: 1401 to
antiguo regimen
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1434
John II returns to Tordesillas
1434 Juan II returned to Tordesillas, and his palace became his own jail, when the infante Don Fernando kidnapped the king, repeating an episode that his own brother Don Enrique had done before. That same year the Dominican Convent was founded. -
1439
The signature of the "Seguro de Tordesillas".
In 1439 the Cortes of Juan II and the Infantes of Aragon met in an attempt to establish peace between the two sides, that of the high nobility allied, led by the Infantes of Aragon and the royalist side led by Juan himself. II and the constable of Castilla Álvaro de Luna; This fact is known as the signing of the "Seguro de Tordesillas", under the arbitration of the Count of Haro. -
1440
printer
The invention of the printing press is attributed to the German, Johannes Gutenberg in the year 1440.
The invention of the printing press was a historical change.
Until 1453, knowledge was transmitted through manuscripts prepared by monks and with the invention of the printing press, the copying process accelerated. -
1477
Burgundian War.
The Burgundian War broke out, a war between 1474 and 1477 that confronted the Valois Dynasty with the Duchy of Burgundy. -
1479
The joint reign of the Catholic Monarchs begins
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1504
The Kingdom of Naples is incorporated into the Crown of Aragon
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1519
Revolt of the Germanías against Carlos I
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1520
Beginning of the revolt of the Communities
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1525
the potato
Thanks to the reconquest of
America by Christopher
Colón the potato reaches europe -
1527
Imperial troops occupy Rome
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Period: to
Reinado de Felipe III
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Period: to
30 years war
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crisis
cataluña and portugal declare themselves independent -
The united Provinces become a republic
The united Provinces become a republic
New political system in which power was exercised by the bourgeoisie. -
treaty of westfalia
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Treaty of the Pirineos
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Period: to
Charles' II reign
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Peace of Nimega
Signed between Spain and France. -
Glorious revolution in England
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Bill of Rights in Great Britain
The Bill of Rights caused Parliament to limit the powers of the nobility, and as for the Church, it promulgated the Toleration Act in May 1689, which granted religious freedom to Catholics and Protestants, the freedom of public worship, the right to open schools and access to all public functions. -
Charles' death
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Period: to
Philip's V reign
He accentuated the centralization and administrative uniformity of the country, promulgated the new plant decrees and created the figure of office secretary. Foreign policy focused on recovering the lost Italian territories. -
Period: to
the war of spanish succession 1701-1715
dispute after the death without issue of Carlos II of Spain between:
Philippe of Anjou (grandson of Louis XIV). Supporting France and Castilla. Bourbon aspirant.
Archduke Charles (son of Leopold I) supported by Australia, Great Britain, Prussia, United Provinces, Savoy, Portugal, Habsburg Aspirant. -
Treaty of Utrecht
It was a treaty that was signed in Felipe V was considered king of Spain, in exchange they gave up several lands. -
Period: to
Philip's IV reign
He continued with Felipe V's reform program and reinforced the navy. -
Period: to
Charles' III reign
He was the greatest exponent of enlightened despotism in Spain. -
First industrial revolution
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Physiocracy
The Physiocrats argued that the wealth of a state is to be found in the nature, more precisely agriculture. The other economic activities (industry and trade) were considered sterile. His main theoretician was Quesnay. -
Encyclopedia
The encyclopedia. Illustrated dictionary that collects all the knowledge of humanity, whose director was Diderot. The criteria for its elaboration were strictly scientific, and specialists from various subjects collaborated in it (1751-1772). -
Period: to
Charles' IV
He acceded to the throne just when the French Revolution broke out, then all reforms of Carlos III stopped, since in Spain Enlightenment was identified with revolution. -
Beginning of the French Revolution
Beginning of the French Revaluation
The French Revolution was a social and political conflict, with various periods of violence, that convulsed France and, by extension of its implications, other European nations that faced supporters and opponents of the system known as the Old Regime. It began with the self-proclamation of the Third Estate as the National Assembly in 1789 and ended with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'état in 1799. -
General meeting of the states in France
Louis XVI was forced to convene the Estates General for May 5, 1789, at Versailles. Due to the economic crisis and the increase in the cost of basic foodstuffs caused by the catastrophic harvests of recent years. This representative assembly of the kingdom as a whole would mark the beginning of the Revolution. -
french constitution of 1791
The Constitution of 1791 was the first in Europe and with it a constitutional monarchy was established in France under the principles of moderate liberalism. The king, Louis XVI, took this new Constitution and, therefore, the Constituent Assembly was dissolved to make way for the new National Legislative Assembly, which promulgated the Constitution on September 3, 1791. -
National convention
The National Convention was the main institution of the First French Republic. This was the replacement for the Legislative Assembly, whose achievement was to draft a new Constitution. The assembly abolished the monarchy, although it was left for after the official proclamation of the republic. In addition, it combined the legislative and executive power. Its members were elected for the first time by universal male suffrage, divided into 3 groups: Girondins, Jacobins and the Plains. -
execution of Louis XVI
He was one of the most important events of the French Revolution. This execution was carried out in the Plaza de la Revolución. The National Convention had sentenced the king to death on January 17 in a voice vote. He was charged with high treason and guillotined on January 21, 1793. Louis XVI was the only French king to be executed, and his death ended more than a thousand years of continuous French monarchy. -
Period: to
Battle against the revolutionary France
In these years the first effort of the European monarchies to contain the French Revolution takes place. War campaigns spread throughout Western Europe and the Caribbean.
The territorial coalition begins with the invasion of the French by Austria and Prussia, a war to which Great Britain, Spain and other states would soon join. Despite the initial defeats of the French, from 1794 they managed to prevail in the military field and defeat all the countries of the coalition -
Treaty of San Ildefonso
The Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1796 was a military alliance signed between Spain and France in 1796, with France engaged in the wars of its revolutionary stage. Under the terms of the agreement, both States agreed to maintain a joint military policy against Great Britain, which at that time threatened the Spanish fleet on its voyages to America. -
First disentailment measures. Creation of the Amortization Fund
The Spanish confiscation or "disentailment of Godoy" was a long historical, economic and social process that began at the end of the 18th century. Consisting of putting on the market the lands and goods that until then could not be disposed of and that were found in the hands of the "dead hands". On February 26, an amortization fund was established in order to deal with the loans that were due and could pay the interest on the vouchers. -
Second Treaty of San Ildefonso
Preliminary agreement by which Spain ceded Louisiana and the Duchy of Parma to France in exchange for the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. It was expanded and confirmed by the Treaty of Aranjuez of 1801. -
the estate society
a society based on legal inequality, membership in a social group based on birth was a static society. -
Battle of Trafalgar
It was a naval battle that took place on October 21, 1805, within the framework of the third coalition initiated by the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia, Naples and Sweden to try to overthrow Napoleon Bonaparte from the imperial throne and dissolve the existing French military influence in Europe. -
Treaty of Fontainebleau
The Treaty of Fontainebleau was signed by Manuel Godoy and Napoleon Bonaparte. It stipulated the joint Franco-Spanish military invasion of Portugal (which had joined England) and allowed the passage of French troops through Spanish territory, thus being the antecedent of the subsequent French invasion of the Iberian Peninsula. and the War of Independence. -
Aranjuez Mutiny
The Aranjuez mutiny was a popular revolt, backed by the Prince of Asturias. The riot with popular participation, but led by the nobility and the clergy, pursued the dismissal of Godoy and the abdication of Carlos IV in favor of his son Fernando -
Bayonne abdications
It is the name by which the successive resignations of King Charles IV and his son Ferdinand VII to the throne of Spain in favor of Napoleon Bonaparte are known. The French emperor, shortly after, ceded such rights to his brother José Bonaparte, who reigned under the name of José I -
Bayonna constitution
It was the first Spanish constitutional text, despite the fact that this is usually assigned to the Cadiz Constitution of 1812. The Statute was a Granted Letter in which Napoleon tried to establish an authoritarian regime, but with a basic recognition of freedoms. Although the model is based on Napoleonic constitutionalism, the participation of an Assembly of Spanish notables should introduce some slight peculiarities to the original text, not present in other Bonaparte documents. -
Bailen battle
The Battle of Bailén took place on July 19, 1808. It was the first defeat in the history of Napoleon's army. He faced a French army under the command of General Dupont against soldiers of General Castaños.
When General Dupont went to Cadiz to help the naval squadron blocked by the Spanish, he faced the Spanish army, a tough battle ensued; and after attacking the French up to 5 times unsuccessfully, Dupont finally surrendered. -
Center Board
The Central Supreme Board was a body formed in September 1808 that accumulated the Spanish executive and legislative powers during the Napoleonic occupation of Spain. In it there were representatives of the Boards that had been formed in the Spanish provinces. -
Period: to
Independence battle
The Spanish War of Independence was an armed rebellion of the Spanish people against the French monarch José Bonaparte, imposed on the throne of Spain by his brother Napoleon Bonaparte. In turn, it was framed in the so-called "Peninsular War", the British military campaign against the French armies that occupied Portugal and that later spread to Spain. -
Treaty of Valencay
The Treaty of Valençay is an agreement signed in the French town of the same name, by which Emperor Napoleon I proposed peace and recognized Ferdinand VII as King of Spain, as a result of the defeats suffered in the War of Independence. The treaty did not enter into force in Spain since the Cortes and the Regency in Madrid did not accept it. -
Vienna congress
After the defeat of Napoleon, the great victorious powers meet in Vienna between 1814 and 1815 to define the relations between the European states.
The Restoration was configured in the Congress of Vienna. Francis I of Austria's chancellor, Metternich, stands out quite a bit. In this congress, the principles of legitimacy, international balance and intervention were established, and an alliance treaty and the holding of congresses were established. -
Liberal revolutions
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Execution of Torrijos
José María de Torrijos was a liberal who fought against absolutism, a soldier who rebelled against his government and a man who was shot for defending his ideas. Nation in 1871 with the French Revolution at its height.
With the return to power of Fernando VII, he is exiled to England, years spent looking for a way to end the tyranny of the monarch in Spain. The fifth attempt he made to land on the Andalusian coast, in 1831, would end with his arrest and execution. -
Fernando's VII death
Faced with Isabel's minority, María Cristina de Borbón assumed the Regency on the death of her husband Ferdinand VII in 1833. Although the Regent did not identify with her ideology, the Liberals were configured as the only force capable of keeping her in the throne. Thus, María Cristina called on Martínez de la Rosa, a moderate liberal, to form a government that confronted the Carlist insurrection. Martínez de la Rosa undertook a series of very moderate reforms. -
the crisis in the old regime
Crisis of the Old Regime is the conjuncture of changes that arise in Western Europe in the period of approximately one hundred years that goes from the publication of the Encyclopedia in 1751 to the Revolutions of 1848. -
Italina Unification
Italy was divided into 6 States, only Piedmont to the
North, manifested itself in favor of the unification of
all Italy. Cavour in the north annexed the Northern States.
Garibaldi in the center and south, overthrew the monarchs of those states. In 1861 the first Italian parliament proclaimed Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy king of Italy. In 1870 the Papal States were annexed. The unity of Italy was already a fact and Rome became the capital of the new kingdom. -
Start of the second industrial revolution
In the second revolution, Germany and the United States took over the world technological leadership, surpassing Great Britain in the production of steel, chemical products, in the automotive industry and the generation and consumption of new energy sources -
Imperialism
Imperialism is the doctrine that defends the domination of a nation or State over other territories and peoples through the acquisition of land or the imposition of political and economic control. -
yo en este instante
yo matándome mientras me muero de cólicos por intentar subir las notas de mierda que llevo por ahora este curso. hice lo que pude rey
prometo intentar hacerlo mejor el trimestre que viene <3
