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The Start of Vanderbilt Monopoly
He bought his first ferry boat at 16, started shipping. -
Period: to
Woodrow Wilson
-
Period: to
William H. Taft
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Period: to
Theodore Roosevelt
The square deal -
Period: to
Urbanization
The rural population doubled, but urban population grew 700% -
Period: to
Civil War
North and South are fighting over slavery -
Black Codes
Laws passed by Southern states in the United States after the American Civil War in order to restrict African Americans' freedom and to compel them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt. -
Period: to
Reconstruction Era
Rebuilding (Economy, Political & Social) the Southern states to the Union (Nation)
1863 - Lincoln was working on a plan -
Freedmen's Bureau
Was established by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. -
Standard Oil Company Foundation
by J.D. Rockefeller -
How The Other Half Lives
by J. Riis -
Laissez-Faire Philosophy
limited government -
Patent System
protected and encouraged inventions -
Period: to
Industrial Age
- Natural Resources
- Capital
- Labor Supply
- Technology
- Consumers
- Transportation
- Government Cooperation
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Old Immigrants
-before 1880
-from Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany -
The 1st US Billionaire: Rockefeller
He owned 90% of the oil monopoly -
New Immgrants
-after 1880
-from Italy, Greece, Slavic -
Carnegie entered in the Steel Business
He controlled 25% of US steel production -
Reconstruction Era Terms
Reform: to change things to make them better
Middle class: people not classified as rich or poor
Hull house: settlement house to help the poor
Recall: vote to remove a politician from office
Referendum: citizens vote for yes or no on a law
Arbitration: help to sides to compromise
Secret ballot: vote in private
Direct primary: voters choose candidates for elections
Conservation: efforts to protect the environment
Initiative: citizens place laws on the ballot -
Millionaires
In the US there were 4,000 millionaires, 90% of wealth controlled by 10% of the population -
Progressive Era People
Jane Addams: organized hull house
Ida Tarbell: wrote a history of the standard oil co.
Jacob Riis: wrote about poverty and slums in cities
Theodore Roosevelt: president from 1901-1908
Woodrow Wilson: president from 1912-1920
William Howard Taft: president from 1908-1912
Robert La Follette: reform governor of Wisconsin
Upton Sinclair: wrote the jungle
Eugene Debs: socialist candidate for president -
Progressive Era TR Actions 2
Interstate commerce commission: government agency used to supervise railroads
Square deal: name of TR's plan to help people
Coal strike of 1902: settled by TR because of arbitration -
Progressive Era TR Actions 1
Pure food and drug act: a law that says you have to put labels on food
Meat inspection act: government checks if the meat is good or bad
Hepburn act: gave the government power to set railroads rates
Muckrakers: journalists who exposed the bad things in the US
Sherman antitrust act: law to limit the size and power of big business
Progressivism: a movement to get the government involved in society -
Progressive Era Wilson Actions 1
Bull moose party: name of TR's political party in elections of 1912
Clayton antitrust act: strengthened Sherman antitrust act
New freedom: name of Wilson's plan to help people
Federal trade commission: a government agency that watches over businesses
Payne-Aldrich tariff: raised the tariff to almost 50% -
Progressive Era Wilson Actions 2
16th amendment: provided for a federal income tax
Democrat: name of Wilson's political party
Underwood tariff: lowered tariff for the first time since the civil war
17th amendment: direct election of senators
Federal reserve act: improved America's banking system -
Period: to
Progressive Era
-Fix problems of the gilded age
-Reformers for change
-Urbanization
Progressivism:
-Suffragettes
-Populists (William J. Bryan)
-Temperance
-Labor Unions
-Civil Rights
4 goals:
-Protecting social welfare (Florence Kelly)
-Promoting moral improvement (Prohibition)
-Creating economic reform (Eugene V. Debs-union leader)
-Fostering efficiency (Henry Ford) -
Illinois Factory act
Florence Kelly helped with that -
Poverty
20 million people lived in poverty (very small middle class) -
Morgan is the owner of the Carnegie steel business
Andrew Carnegie sold his business to J.P. Morgan and he renamed it as the US Steel -
The Jungle
by U.Sinclair -
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
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16th Amendment
No income tax -
17th Amendment
Direct election of senators -
18th amendment
Prohibition -
WWI Causes
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism -
WWI Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria -
WWI Allied Powers
Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, the US (1917) -
WWI Reasons to enter for the US
- Zimmerman telegram
- Unrestricted submarine warfare
- To make the world safer for democracy
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WWI Spark
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand (Austria's heir to the throne) by a Bosnian Serb nationalist in Sarajevo -
WWI Results
Treaty of Versailles
- new independent nations were formed in Europe
- League of Nation was formed to maintain peace (Wilson's 14 points)
- Germany was mainly punished
The US didn't sign, they didn't want to make alliances and start with isolationism
The US made a Treaty with Germany in 1921 -
19th amendment
Suffrage: the right to vote for women
