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Speakeasies
Illegal saloons that sold illegal liquor -
Albert Fall
The Secretary of the Interior who accepted bribes from an oil company and started the Teapot Dome Scandal. -
Red Scare
Communists -
Sacco and Vanzetti Trial
Italian born, self-admitted anarchists who were indicted for robbery and murder in Massachusetts. They were found guilty and sentenced to death -
21st Amedment
Against the 18th amendment. -
Quota Act
Number of immigrants down 3 percent of each nationality. -
Marcus Garvey
The most prominent new African American leader to emerge in the 1920s -
Louis Armstrong
Became the unofficial ambassador of jazz. -
Claude McKay
Showed ordinary African Americans struggling for dignity and advancement in the face of discrimination and economic hardships. -
Langston Hughes
Probably the most powerful African American literary voice of his time. -
Zora Neale Hurston
Traveled the rural back roads of her native Florida and expressed the new longing for independence felt by many women, black and white -
Warren G. Harding
President who's administration was racked with scandal. -
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Wrote the Great Gatsby -
Ernest Hemingway
Wrote a Farewell to arms -
Harlem Renaissance
a rich artistic period in the 1920's and 1930 that is named after the African-American neighborhood in NYC where it emerged; cultural resurgence in painting, writing, music, photography -
Mass Media
Led to the development of a national culture. -
Isolationism
A policy of non-participation in international economic and political relations -
Bessie Smith
African American blues singer who played and important role in the Harlem Renaissance. Empress of the Blues -
Woodrow Wilson
1913-1921 sick during the 20s due to stroke tried to promote league of nations -
Teapot Dome Scandal
A government scandal involving a former United States Navy oil reserve in Wyoming that was secretly leased to a private oil company in 1921 - Secretary of Interior Albert Fall -
Calvin Coolidge
Industrial prosperity is #1 believed in laissez faire -
Herbert Hoover
President from 1923-1933 during the beginning of the great depression. He didn't want the government involved and believed people should express individual rights. -
Scopes Trial
1925 court case in which Clarence Darrow and William Jennings Bryan debated the issue of teaching evolution in public schools -
Kellogg Brand Pact
1928 agreement in which many nations agreed to outlaw war -
Amelia Earhart
first woman aviator to fly solo nonstop across the Atlantic -
Causes of Great Depression
credit buying, overproduction, less consumer spending, falling stocks -
Period: to
The Great Depression
The U.S. had recessions but they didn't recover this time from the downturn in 1929 because of the severity and length it was called the great depression. -
Black Tuesday
the day when prices in the stock market took a steep dive, over $10 million dollars gone -
Dust Bowl
Severe drought, topsoil blew away, and massive dust storms that swept everything away. In the midwest -
Smoot-Hawley Tarriff Act
A tax on imported goods. The Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of June 1930 raised U.S. tariffs to historically high levels. -
Rugged Individualism
Herbert Hoover's belief that people must be self-reliant and not depend upon the federal government for assistance. -
Public Works Program
Set up by Hoover and Roosevelt: Government-funded projects to build public facilities -
Deficit Spending
Roosevelt: government spending, in excess of revenue, of funds raised by borrowing rather than from taxation. -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Raised Tariffs up to 60%. Hoped it would help the Economy but it deepened the depression. -
Brain Trust
Group of expert policy advisers who worked with FDR in the 1930's to end the great depression -
Reform
Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters. -
Cut Income Taxes
Hoover and Roosevelt -
Balanced Budget
Hoover: Budget in which revenues are equal to spending -
Bonus Expeditionary Force
Thousands of World War I veterans, who insisted on immediate payment of their bonus certificates, marched on Washington in 1932; -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
The 32nd president of the U.S. he led the country through the Great Depression and WWII he served four terms more than any other president. -
Tennessee Valley Authority
Recovery - construct dams and power plants in the Tennessee Valley region to generate electricity as well as to prevent floods -
New Deal
3 part public assistance
Relief- ($, food, shelter; temporary charity)
Recovery- (Programs aimed industrial & agricultural recovery, jobs)
Reform- (lasting changes; built-in safe guards) -
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Recovery: (AAA); restricted crop production to reduce crop surplus; the goal was to reduce surplus to raise the value of crops; farmers paid subsidies by the federal government; -
National Industrial Recovery Act
Recovery; suspended antitrust laws and allowed business, labor, and government to cooperate in setting up voluntary rules for each industry -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Reform -insured bank deposits up to $5,000. Today 250,000. -
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
relief for the unemployed. gave grants of federal money to states and local governments that were operating soup kitchens and other forms of relief for the homeless and jobless. -
Recovery
"Pump - Priming" Temporary programs to restart the flow of consumer demand. -
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Hoover-created gov lending bank to businesses "millionaire's loan" -
Relief
Immediate action is taken to halt the economies deterioration. -
Works Progress Administration
WPA. Hires jobless people to build public buildings and parks. -
Civilian Conservation Corps
CCC. New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects -
Dust Bowl Causes
Droughts, New farming methods, Dwindling grassy safety net, High winds -
Securities and Exchange Commission
Reform: monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds -
Social Security Administration
Reform, administer a national pension fund for retired persons, an unemployment insurance system, and public assistance programs for dependent mothers, children, and the physically disabled. -
Civil Works Administration
Relief; hired workers directly and put them on federal government's payroll
