-
Urbanization
People moving to the cities for diverse reasons:
Young single Women wanting to wor
Black southern sharecroppers wanting to get a better job
Farms did not need as many labor power due to the mechanization of agriculture -
Period: to
Evolution Of Rural And Urban Population
Rural doubled
Urban augmented by 7 -
Period: to
Civil War
Issue: slavery -
Homestead Act
any citizen could occupy 160 acres of government land if improvements were made to the land citizens would own the land after 5 years -
Period: to
Reconstruction Era
Lincoln plan
Johnson plan
Radical republican -
13 Amendment
abolished slavery throughout the nation -
Black Codes Laws are passed
can't vote
can't join the army
can't have a gun
can't testify
different states different rules -
Lincoln's death by John Wilkes Booth
assassinated in theatre -
Civil Rights Act
Federal law granting citizenship to former slaves; passed over Johnson's veto. (Outlawed Black Codes) -
Creation of KKK
-
Reconstruction Act
A law that threw out the southern state governments that had refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment -
Protective Tariff
By raising high taxes on imported products the prices of these products are way more expensive than American products which m makes the consumers more likely to buy non imported products -
The Compromise of 1877
the withdrawal of federal troops and abandonment of federal protection of black civil and voting rights in the South.... ending reconstruction -
Laissez-faire
Don't interfere with the businessmen just let them do what they do best and have the least possible government involved -
Factors of Industrial Age
Based on 7 factors: Democracy and Capitalisation
Natural resources
Capital stable currency bank loans
labor immigration child labor
Technology faster communication more efficient capital fixe
Consumers advertisement exports
Transportation canals rivers roads railroads
Government cooperation high tax on import Laissez-faire philosophy. Result economic superpower in the next 50 years -
First Wave of Immigrants before 1880
Almost all from northern and western Europe -
Second Wave of Immigrants after 1880
Southern and Eastern Europe -
Nativism
Feeling that the old immigrants are better than the new ones does not only apply to the USA -
Dawes Act
tried to civilize Indians and make them more little settlers by giving them land to farm, instead, it harmed their native culture -
Economic Injustice
Captain of industry
Industrial giants
Robber Baron 1890: 90% of the wealth was controlled by 10 % of the population 10 years later 20 million lived in poverty -
Fat Cats
Vanderbilt:
started shipping risked all for railroad became wealthiest in America built Grand Central Depot shipped Rockefeelers oil Rockefeller:
In 1880 owned 90% of the oil industry in the world
Gave away lots of money Carnegie:
worked from scratch made his way up in Pennsylvania railroads to later go to the steel business wrote the gospel of wealth and sold his empire to JP Morgan James J hill:
Built the great northern railroad from scratch JP Morgan:
giant in finance -
Muckrackers
A journalist who investigated working conditions and hygiene in factories and exposed them in newspapers or books. They helped to spread information that there was a need for a change. Examples of muckrakers:
Jacob Riis How the other half lives
Upton Sinclair the jungle
Ida Tarbell exposed abuses of standard oil -
Period: to
Progressive Era
The period in time where a lot of reforms and changes were made to fix the problems caused y the gilded age and industrialization -
Plessy V Ferguson
court case that ruled in favor of segregation. Declared "separate, but equal" is constitutional and led to Jim Crow laws being passed-especially in the South. -
Period: to
Spanish American War
Causes:
Imperialism in the USA Economic trade interest between America and Cuba Cuba wanted their independence The USS Maine blew up for unknown reasons The yellow journalist was for the war
What happened: TR who at the time was assistant secretary of the navy attacked Spanish ships in the Philippines by surprise Roughriders were led by TR to free Cuba last battle was in Puerto Rico
Outcomes: Cuba is independent Cuba and American trades are protected America becomes a world power -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 1
Capitalism
High-risk High reward -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 2
the government let companies do as they wish
example no income taxes -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 3
Labor abusing
no unions long hours not many days off children working -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 4
monopolies make it possible to out concurrence other companies -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 5
improved technology better efficiency -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 7
the help from the government included land grants, a
protective tariff, etc -
Period: to
Roosevelt's Presidency
Became president after McKinley was shot and he was vice president.
made the square deal: Settled coal strike of 1902 trust-busting, railroad regulation, public health, conservation, business regulation passed the Meat inspection act& Pure food & drug act Freed Panama from Columbia to build the Panama canal -
Period: to
Taft's Presidency
Chosen by TR as his successor.
More conservative than TR who ended up being his first critic What did he do:
added more land and forest broke up more than 90 monopolies supported the 16th and 17th amendments established 8 hours for government workers. Signed Payne-Aldrich Tariff act that raised tariffs -
Period: to
Wilson's Presidency
Won the 3way election of 1912 His program: New freedom
lowered import tariff
Created the federal preserve system to stabilize the banking
Banished child labor
Gave farmers low-interest loans
Passage of Clayton antitrust act which made it easier for the government to break up monopolies Was against the us entering world war 1 -
Allies
also known as the triple entente
Consisted at first by Russia France Great Britain and later had the support from Japan and USA -
Causes of World War 1
Uprising of Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, and alliances created a polarised and tense Europe -
Central Powers
Also known as the triple alliance consisted at first by Germany Austria Hungary Ottoman Empire and Italy and later in 1915 Italy changes side -
Spark Of World War 1
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand Archduke of Austria Hungary and heir to the throne. died shot by Gavrilo Princip member of the black hands in Sarajevo -
Treaty of Versailles
GB wanted money
FR wanted revenge and Alsace Loraine
Italy wanted land
The USA wanted peace without victory Russia and the central powers had no saying in it -
Results of the treaty of Versailles
14 points of Wilson
Germany blamed and punished had to give a lot of money which made their reconstruction slow they were also not allowed to have a large army -
How did the Fat Cats Get Rich Part 6
Corporations created reducing personal risk in investing in a company
