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Education Colonial Period Dame Schools
Colonists would hire a 'dame' teacher to teach their children basic reading skills to be able to recite and read the bible and prayers. Dames also taught manners, morals, and correct behavior. -
Common Schools
Communities would raise funds and build a school house and hire a teacher for the local children. School teachers were not necessarily qualified to teach. Most male teachers taught because they were unable to hold other jobs. -
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
Thomas Jefferson was the first advocate for education reform. He believed that education was vital to democracy. He drafted a bill called "A Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge" for tax funded free education for all free male/female for 3 years. This is the first movement for a tax funded free education. [Link text]http://study.com/academy/lesson/thomas-jeffersons-views-on-education.html -
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
Noah Webster updated school materials post revolutionary war because schools were still using England's text books. He believed Americans needed an American education. He wrote his own textbook "A Grammatical Institute of the English Langue" nicknamed the "Blue-Backed Speller." In 1806 he also wrote the first English Dictionary. Webster dictionaries are still used in schools today. [Link text]https://www.noahwebsterhouse.org/discover/noah-webster-history.htm -
Northwest Land Ordinance
An ordinance during Colonial America that planned and surveyed land of settlements, including designating land for schools. -
Benjamin Rush
Rush address in 1787 "Thoughts upon Female Education" was the first advocacy for women to be educated. He believed the only security for the Republic was through education and he produced a plan in 1789 outlined in his essay titled "Thoughts upon the mode of education proper in a Republic". -
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Education Colonial Period Common Schools
1796-1859 Common Schools could be seen as the first public schools. Communities collected local money to build a school and hire a teacher for the children in the area. Because it was community led, the quality of education and facilities varied place to place. -
Horace Mann Impact on Common Schools
A politician and also a reformer for education. He was the first Secretary for the State Board of Education in Massachusetts. Mann visited 100 schools horseback in 6 years and documented what condition their facility and quality of education. He advocated for common schools to be free for the poor but of high quality for the wealthy and wanted it funded by tax dollars. -
19th Century Immigration Growth Impact on Education
During 1890-1930 there were 22 million immigrants that came to America that viewed education as the starting place for the American Dream for 3 million children. Language and cultural conflicts coupled with oversize classrooms, racism, and heavy protestant religious infusion in learning materials, contributed to 50% of the children school age working factories instead. -
Committee of Ten
A group of educators that worked to standardize high school education. Recommendations included 12 years of education; 8 elementary with 4 years high school. Also, English, math, History was to be taught every year in high school adding chemistry ad physics for some years. -
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Secondary School Movement
Also known as the High School Movement. New high schools were being built all over the United States. In 1920 only 19% of children 15-18 years old attended high school and only 9% graduated. By 1940 that number grew to 73% enrollment. -
Child Labor Laws and Education Impact
1902-1915 education reformers tried to enact child labor laws to prevent child labor and have mandatory schooling. These laws were never passed and seen as unconstitutional. 1938 Congress passed the Fair Labor Standards Act that finally prevented child labor and mandated schooling. -
John Dewey Education Reformer
Dewey wrote theories on education in "My Pedagogic Creed" (1897), "The School and Society" (1900), "The Child and the Curriculum" (1902), "Democracy and Education"(1916) and "Experience and Education" (1938). His believed that school should also be a social institute and a place to gain knowledge. -
Brown vs Board of Education
The Supreme Court rules that State laws that created segregated schools are unconstitutional. At that time some States practiced law for "Separate but Equal" public schools segregating blacks from whites. -
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
The Civil Rights Movement of 1964 provided equal education to all and the right to reach full potential in education system regardless of race, gender, religion, origin of Nationality, and wealth for all schools that were funded by federal assistance. Today this movement continues to make sure all children receive equal opportunities in schools.[Link text]http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-civil-rights-movement-in-america-1945-to-1968/education-and-civil-rights/ -
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA) is American legislation that ensures a "Free Appropriate Public Education" for students that have disabilities. Children with disabilities will receive accommodations and specialized education plans. Children learn in the least restrictive environment to reach their full full academic potential. Today continual training and education is provided to educators to better help those with disabilities. [Link text]https://sites.ed.gov/idea/ -
A Nation at Risk Report
President Ronald Reagan's report for that American schools were falling short and needed federal reform to improve educations. Schools were to be like businesses and compete to be the best. The schools received federal funding so the best schools had better enrollment and more funding. Standardized testing and curriculum part of the reform. -
MOST IMPORTANT EVENT
School Choice Movement allows education funds through vouchers to 'follow students' to the schools of their choice that best fit their needs. This included charter schools, private schools or home schooling. As a result, some public schools had to step up their game to keep students from leaving. This provided families who did not have personal funds for private schools to have additional options. [Link text]https://www.edchoice.org/school-choice/what-is-school-choice/ -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No Child Left Behind Act require states to follow federal mandates and standards for education.All public funded schools are required to test student in reading and math during grades 3 -8 and at least once in high school. Schools can be penalized if testing scores do not meet standards.
