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Massachusetts Education laws
The concept of education came into existence more out of necessity than anything else. The masses had to be educated in order to be able to understand the written codes that the colonies were now living under, both religious and secular, and without some sort of education this idea would be impossible. The response to this was, once again, the Massachusetts Law of 1642. They came here in order to escape the religious oppression they were facing in Britain to exercise their own religious freedom. -
Colonial Period
Primary education of upper class children in colonial days included reading, writing, simple math, poems, and prayers. Paper & textbooks were scarce so boys and girls recited their lessons until they memorized them. The 3 most commonly used books were the Bible, a primer, & a hornbook. As children grew older their schooling prepared them for their eventual roles in plantation life. While boys studied more advanced, academic subjects, the girls learned the duties of the mistress of a plantation. -
Common School Movement
Horace Mann was on the secretary board of education at this time, and he proposed this new idea after visiting over thousands of school houses of which were in very poor conditions, teachers were uneducated, and there were no proper materials. His proposal was that the common body of knowledge would give each student a fair chance. "No matter what differences, we would all come together." It was also free of cost so that even the poor children could attend. He got free taxed supported education. -
Frederick douglas's role in education
Frederick Douglass believed that all people are created equal. But he also believed that we weren't just born free: we have to make ourselves into who we are. So education and self-improvement are incredibly important to him. The worst thing about slavery, to his mind, is that it prevents people from improving themselves through education. He didn't want segregation in schools! -
Progressive Reform Movement
In short, the altered landscape of American life, Progressive reformers believed, provided the school with a new opportunity–indeed, a new responsibility–to play a leading role in preparing American citizens for active civic participation in a democratic society. John Dewey is the father of progressive education, he believed in all aspects of development. -
Committee of ten
The Committee of Ten was a working group of educators that, in 1892, recommended the standardization of American high school curriculum.The Committee identified the need for more highly qualified educators, and proposed that universities could enhance training by offering subject-education courses, lowering tuition and paying travel fees for classroom teachers. -
John Dewey- Educational Philosopher
This guy is my favorite! Dewey believed that human beings learn through a 'hands on' approach. This places Dewey in the educational philosophy of pragmatism. Pragmatists believe that reality must be experienced. From Dewey's educational point of view, this means that students must interact with their environment in order to adapt and learn.
"Education is life itself" --John Dewey http://www.education.com/reference/article/dewey-john-1859-1952/ -
The Gary plan
The Gary Plan was one example of the educational practices that were strongly influenced by that business-driven movement.The Gary Plan had organizational and curriculum components that provided pragmatic school subjects related to occupations and everyday life. The plan was developed by William Wirt and influenced by John Dewey. -
WW2 changing american education
High school curriculum became more specialized after WWII as school districts began offering agricultural classes, vocational training, & home economics in addition to maintaining traditional classes in language, science, & mathematics.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/20462082?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents -
Brown vs. Board of education
The supreme court decisions of the 20th century, unanimously held that the racial segregation of children in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Desegregation in schools were finally voted unequal. This was a great breakthrough for american education!
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_brown.html -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
The act is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education. It also emphasizes equal access to education and establishes high standards and accountability.aid disadvantaged students. Quality and equality. (cut off funds if school weren’t integrated. When money got involved things changed) -
IDEA act
Individuals with disabilities act. before this act was passed, children with disabilities were placed in grossly inadequate, segregated classrooms or in regular classrooms without meaningful support. Then finally IDEA act of 1975 was passed, which meant states received federal funds are required to provide a “free, appropriate public education” to all children with disabilities in the “least restrictive environment.” http://www.parentcenterhub.org/repository/idea/ -
A nation at risk
Increasing competition, strengthening parental choice and local control. “American education is being undermined by a rising tide of meritocracy that threatens our very future” global activity was going down.
They recommended longer school days and years, higher standards, more courses in traditional subjects, computer science class, and more homework. They cracked down on students. http://neatoday.org/2013/04/25/a-nation-at-risk-turns-30-where-did-it-take-us-2/ -
school choice movement
school choice programs are scholarship tax credit programs, which allow individuals or corporations to receive tax credits toward their state taxes in exchange for donations made to non-profit organizations that grant private school scholarships. It allows public education funds to follow students to the schools or services that best fit their needs—whether that’s to a public school, private school, charter school, home school or any other learning environment parents choose for their kids. -
No Child Left Behind Act
Is the name for the most recent update to the Elementary & Secondary Education Act of 1965 because it was no long competitive. It significantly increased the federal role in holding schools responsible for the academic progress of all students. It put a special focus on ensuring that states & schools boost the performance of certain groups of students, such as English-language learners, students in special education, & poor & minority children, whose achievement, on average, trails their peers.
