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The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Public law 89-10; Designed to improve educational opportunities for students from poor economic backgrounds -
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Residential school enrollment increased
Children who were deaf or hard of hearing began enrolling more frequently in residential schools. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Public Law 93-112; Specifically defined the terms "handicapped person" and "appropriate education". It also prohibitted discrimination against students with disabilities. -
Educational Ammendments Act
PL 93-380; granted federal funds to states to continue funding programs for exceptional learners -
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Maionstream programs came ot the forefront
Mainstream classrooms came to the forefront when President Gerald Ford signed into the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
PL 94-142; had a drmatic effect on children who were deaf or hard of hearing. Defined the term "least restrictive environment" and required that children ages 5-18 receive a free and appropriate education for children with disabilities. -
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First Educational Reform
The 1980s are known for their legislation pertaining to students with disabilities. The initiative for educational reform began with the release of "A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform" -
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The Second Educatinoal Reform
Although the first educational reform wave was initiated by politicains, this reform wave was initiated by leaders in education such as Theodore Sizer, John Goodlad, etc. -
Education of the Hnadicapped Act Ammendments
PL 99-457; The EAHCA was ammended to include children who were between birth and 5 years. -
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Third Wave of Educational Reform
This reform called for a reformulation of schools throughout the nation. It called for schoold to be comprehensive, full-service centers by providing students with a network of support services. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
PL 101-336; Designed to protect those with disabilities against discrimination in the private sector and ensure equal opportunities -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
PL 105-17; schools were required to continue providing services even to student shwo were expelled. States were also allowed to extend their use fo the developmental delay category through to age 9. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA was reauthorized and stated that children with disabilities were entitled to a a free and appropriate education to the maximum extent appropriate -
No Child Left Behind
PL 107-10; This is known as the most dignificant change to public schools in over three decades. This is the largest reform which mandated annual testing. -
References
References:
Scheetz, N. (2012). Deaf Education in the 21st Century: Topics and Trends. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.