-
3 BCE
Aristotle
Lifelong education
Education should be a lifelong process, with people continuing to practice what they learned as adults.
Balanced development
Aristotle believed that the body, mind, and soul should be developed in balance through a variety of activities, including physical training, music, debate, and the study of science and philosophy.
Goal of education
Aristotle believed education is the freedom to apply oneself to essential matters, and that this freedom led to wisdom. -
Benjamin Franklin
His educational philosophy and moral teachings focused on self-improvement through individual initiative, virtuous living, and community service. Though largely self-taught, Franklin established institutions for the formal education of future generations. -
Alexander Kapp
In 1833, he originally introduced the term andragogy. It is often interpreted as the process of engaging adult learners in the structure of the learning experience. Kapp used andragogy to describe elements of Plato's education theory. -
The Smith-Hughes Act
The Smith-Hughes National Vocational Education Act of 1917 was a US law that established federal funding for vocational education in the United States. The act was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson on February 23, 1917. The act established a cooperative relationship between the federal government and the states. The Smith-Hughes Act laid the foundation for significant developments in public vocational and technical education in the United States. -
John Dewey
One of American pragmatism’s early founders and arguably the most prominent American intellectual for the first half of the twentieth century. Dewey’s educational theories and experiments had global reach. Dewey developed extensive and often systematic views in ethics, epistemology, logic, metaphysics, aesthetics, and philosophy of religion. -
Eduard Lindeman
Being friend and colleague of John Dewey, he shared with him a concern for social justice, a belief in the possibilities of education and human action, and a deep commitment to democracy. His key assumptions: Adults are motivated to learn as they experience needs and interests that learning will satisfy. Adults’ orientation to learning is life-centered.
Experience is the richest source for adult’s learning. Adults have a deep need to be self-directing. -
GED Test
The General Educational Development (GED) test was created in 1942 by the United States Armed Forces Institute (USAFI) to help World War II veterans continue their education and careers. The American Council on Education (ACE) developed the test to measure high school-level academic skills. The GED is the most commonly accepted alternative to a high school diploma.