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Royal Proclamation
The Royal Proclamation was a remrkable document for its time. It prevented any futher settlement across North America until treaties had been negotiated with aboriginal people. -
1830 Reserve System
Aboriginals were pushed onto reserves, as they were seen as blocking future British North American settlement. Living conditions were alot poorer than the rest of Canada, life expectancy was lower, and there were higher rates of suicide. This was a strong effort to assimilate Aboriginals into mainstream Canadian culture. -
1876 Indian Act
The Indaisn Act was the Canadian governments offical way of encouraging aboriginal peoples to give up their culture and languarge. The Indian Act provided schools, medical care, hunting and fishing rights and annual treaty payments to Aboriginals across Canada. Although it denied them the rights to take up land as others could, and denied rights to vote in Provincial Elections. -
Aboriginal Rights to Universal Sufferage
In 1960 Aboriginal people were finally given the right to vote in federal elections in Canada. -
1968 National Indian Brotherhood & Native Council of Canada Formed
NIB was formed to represent Status Indians, protect their rights and their land claims. -
1969 White Paper
White Paper was an official statement policy, poposing abolition of reserves and an end to special status for treaty indians. Wanted Natives to seek jobs in the city. Natives saw this as genocide of first nations people.
Comes back with Red Paper, expressing their want for self government
withdrawl of White Paper 1971 -
1969 Residental School System Abolish but not all closed
Residental Schools in where Indian children attended school. They were taken from their homes and forced to abandon their own language and culture. -
1980's Movement Toward Self Government
In the 1980's Aboriginal peoples start to express their voice on self-governance. The Constiution Act of 1982 guaranteed that the existing rights of aboriginal people would be recognized and affirmed. Their rights would include the right to self govern (making descisions) beliefs and culture, tradition, land and resources.
The Nisga's Treaty, steps in Manitoba, and the creation of the territory of Nunavut are all examples of aboriginal self-government in action. -
Assembly Of The First Nations
NIB was renamed this in 1980. They demanded better conditions for aborginal peoples in Canada. -
1985 Passing Of BIll C-31
It proposed modifications to the Indian Act. Aming to address gender discrimmination, to restore Indian status to those who had been forcibly enfranchised due to previous discriminatory provisions, and allow bands to control their own band membership. -
Meech Lake Accord
In 1987 Prime Misiter and 10 Premiers met at Meech Lake to change the Constition to include Quebec. This was an attempt to create Constitutional Harmony. Aboriginal people did not feel that Quebec should have any special treattement. Aboriginal leader refused to sign the Accord. -
Oka Stand Off
Tensions between Aboriginal and non-Aborignal arise. Officals decided to extend a golf course, which Mohawks believed belonged to them. Standoff forms between Canadian Army and Mohawlk Warriors. -
Gustafasen Lake BC
In Bc, aboriginal peoples reoccupied land they claimed was scarced ground -
Ipperwash Ontario
This crisis occured when people occupied land former army base, taken during World War 2. -
1998 Delgamuluukw Case
The Gitksan and Wet'suwet'en take thei land claim to court, the case was called Delgamuluukw. The case resulted (activiley affected) in the Nisga Treaty. -
Statement Of Reconciliation Issued In 1998
The Federal Government issued the official Statement of Reconcliation to the aboriginal peoples in Canada. The Canadian Government recognized that policies which sought to assimilate aborginial peoples werenot conducive to building a strong country. -
Nisga's Treaty 1992-1998
The Nisgas's signed a unique treaty with both the provincial and federal governments. They were given wide powers of self-government over issue's of culture, language, family life, given ownership to 1,922 square kilometers and $190 million dollars.
Nisga take their lan claims to court, court case called Delgamuukw case. They are offered entitlements to very small portion of land, ownersip of forests, and partial profits from salmon fisheries and hydrodevelopment; as well as 196 million. -
1999 Creation Of Nunavut
In this new territory in Canada, Aboriginal peoples were given the right to self-govern. This self-governance was allowed over natural resources, education and jusitce systems.
People ran for elections as individuals, and then the elected members vote for the member who they want to lead the government. -
Land Claims
Specific Land Claims: were based on existing treaties Comprehensive Land Claims: were based on traditional use and occupancy (claiming the land belonged to them, all though no paper proof)
