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Period: 618 to 1279
Tan and Song Dynasty
The Tang and Song dynasties are known as Golden Ages in Chinese history.In 618 CE, the Tang came to power and ushered in almost 300 years of expansion, prosperity, and innovation. Confucianism was made the basis of government, and a system of civil service examination. Many inventions and innovations that developed during the Tang and Song dynasties aided trade.Paper money came into use in China during the Song dynasty. This will develop into great trade. -
Period: 750 to 1258
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid caliphate gained control in 750 and moved the empire's capitol from Damascus to Baghdad. During this dynasty, trade and ideas flowed freely across the empire, which spanned three continents.second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate. It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce and reigned as the Abbasid caliphate until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258. -
Period: 800 to 1400
Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism was a combination of legal, economic, military and cultural customs that flourished in Medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structuring society around relationships that were derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. Feudalism discouraged trade and economic growth. The land was worked by serfs, who were tied to individual plots of land and forbidden to move or change occupations without the their lord. -
Period: 1206 to 1555
Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate started the Muslim Rule in India. Before that, it was the Rajputs under Prithiviraj Chauhan who ruled over Delhi and the surrounding areas. The start of Muslim rule brought in great cultural diversity which became an important and invaluable feature of our country.The last of their line was overthrown by the Mughals, who established the the Mughal Empire in India. -
Period: 1206 to 1368
Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire existed during the 13th and 14th centuries, and was the largest contiguous land empire in history, and the second largest empire in history, only behind the British Empire.Despite its reputation for brutal warfare, the Mongol Empire enabled peace, stability, trade, and protected travel under a period of “Pax Mongolica,” or Mongol peace, beginning in 1279 and lasting until the empire's end. But Genghis Khan's death in 1227 ultimately doomed the empire he founded. -
Period: 1235 to
Mali empire
The Mali Empire was an empire in West Africa from c. 1235 to 1670. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Musa Keita. The Manding languages were spoken in the empire. Sundiata Keita then led them to overthrow the rule of the Soso. Over time, the Mali Empire became stronger and took over surrounding kingdoms including the Empire of Ghana. -
Period: 1279 to 1368
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan Empire, was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan. It followed the Song dynasty and preceded the Ming dynasty. Chinese rebel groups began to form to fight against the Mongol rule. In 1368, a Buddhist monk named Zhu Yuanzhang led the rebels to overthrow the Yuan. He then established the Ming Dynasty. -
Period: 1299 to
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire was a state and caliphate that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.The effect was that many scholars fled from the new empire and went to Italy, where they were influential in sparking off the Renaissance, and increasing trade with the east. -
Period: 1300 to
European renaissance
The Renaissance was a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to Modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It occurred after the Crisis of the Late Middle Ages and was associated with great social change.The most prevalent societal change during the Renaissance was the fall of feudalism and the rise of a capitalist market economy. Increased trade and the labor shortage caused by the Black Death gave rise to something of a middle class. -
Period: 1346 to 1353
Bubonic Plague
Black Death was the second disaster affecting Europe during the Late Middle Ages and is estimated to have killed 30% to 60% of Europe's population. In total, the plague may have reduced the world population from an estimated 475 million to 350–375 million in the 14th century.Trade suffered for a time, wars were temporarily abandoned. Many labourers died, which caused personal suffering; landowners who used labourers as tenant farmers were also affected -
Period: 1368 to
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming Empire, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by Han Chinese. The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644 A.D., during which China's population would double. Known for its trade expansion to the outside world that established cultural ties with the West. -
Period: 1419 to
Age of Exploration
The so-called Age of Exploration was a period from the early 15th century and continuing into the early 17th century, during which European ships were traveled around the world to search for new trading routes and partners to feed burgeoning capitalism in Europe. Explorers learned more about areas such as Africa and the Americas and brought that knowledge back to Europe. Massive wealth accrued to European colonizers due to trade in goods, spices, and precious metals. -
Period: 1428 to 1533
Mesoamerican Empires (Aztec and Inca)
The Aztec, and Inca had developed large, complex civilizations prior to the arrival of the Spanish. The civilizations of the Aztec, and Inca that once flourished in Central and South America shared common elements. .The two civilizations were as diverse as the terrains in which they lived. -
Period: 1492 to
Spanish Colonial Empire
The Spanish Empire became known as "the empire on which the sun never sets" and reached its maximum extension in the 18th century. ... The Spanish empire in the Americas was formed after conquering indigenous empires and claiming large stretches of land, beginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands.This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. -
Period: 1500 to
Portuguese Trading Post Empire
Trading Post Empire. First built by portuguese mariners. Instead of to control territory, Trading Post Empires were meant to control trade routes by forcing merchant vessels to pay duties at fortified trading sites.They controled trade routes by forcing merchant vessels to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties there. -
Period: 1517 to
Reformation
The Reformation was a movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in particular to papal authority. -
Period: 1526 to
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire or Mogul Empire, self-designated as Gurkani, was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. The Mughal (or Mogul) Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and 17th centuries. It consolidated Islam in South Asia, and spread Muslim (and particularly Persian) arts and culture as well as the faith. -
Period: 1526 to
Atlantic Slave Trade
The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries.The size of the Atlantic slave trade dramatically transformed African societies. The slave trade led to the long-term impoverishment of West Africa. -
Period: to
Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa Shogunate defined modern Japanese history by centralizing the power of the nation's government and uniting its people.In 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu completed the task and established the Tokugawa Shogunate, which would rule in the emperor's name until 1868.The Tokugawa Shogunate successfully created a centralized state, bringing an end to hundreds of years of fighting and civil war between daimyos. -
Period: to
Meiji Revolution
The Meiji Restoration, referred to at the time as the Honorable Restoration, and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was an event that restored practical imperial rule to the Empire of Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meij. catapulted Japan into the modern era. Japan was able to walk a fine line between Western ideas and influences and traditional Japanese ideas to create a unique Japanese national identity -
Period: to
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the final imperial dynasty in China. It was an era noted for its initial prosperity and tumultuous final years, and for being only the second time that China was not ruled by the Han peopleThe empire grew larger, as they subdued Tibet and the Xinjiang regions, inheriting Mongolia from the dynasties founders, and wiping out the Dzungars (a large Mongolian tribe of hundreds of thousands). The land area of the Qing empire was second only to the Yuan Empire's in size. -
Period: to
The Enlightenment
The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 17th to 19th centuries. The Enlightenment emerged out of a European intellectual and scholarly movement known as Renaissance humanism.This produced numerous books, essays, inventions, and more. The American and French Revolutions were directly inspired by Enlightenment ideals and respectively marked the peak of its influence and the beginning of its decline -
Period: to
American Revolution
The American Revolution was a colonial revolt which occurred between 1765 and 1783. The American Patriots in the Thirteen Colonies defeated the British in the American Revolutionary War with the assistance of France, winning independence from Great Britain and establishing the United States of America -
Period: to
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies beginning in 1789 and ending in 1799. The French Revolution had a great and far-reaching impact that probably transformed the world more than any other revolution. Its repercussions include lessening the importance of religion; rise of Modern Nationalism; spread of Liberalism and igniting the Age of Revolutions -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution, now also known as the First Industrial Revolution, was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States. This had effects on Working Conditions, Living Conditions, Urbanization, Public Health and Lif, Expectancy, Child Labor, Working Class Families and the Role of Women, The Emerging Middle Class, Wealth and Income. -
Period: to
Haitian Revolutions
The Haitian Revolution has often been described as the largest and most successful slave rebellion in the Western Hemisphere. Slaves initiated the rebellion in 1791 and by 1803 they had succeeded in ending not just slavery but French control over the colony. -
Period: to
Tanzimat Reforms
The Tanzimat reforms were carried out between 1830 and 1870 in the Ottoman Empire. They were a wide-ranging series of educational, political and economic reforms. They were an attempt at modernization to stop the decline of Ottoman power.The economic reforms did change the nature of the Ottoman Economy and ended the religious regulation of the economy. The economic changes also brought a measure of prosperity to its citizens. increase in trade between the Turks and Europe. -
Period: to
Opium Wars
The Opium Wars were two wars which were waged between the Great Qing and the British Government in the mid-19th century, triggered by the British government's imposition of the opium trade upon China. Opium had been used in traditional Chinese medicine for a long time before the British came, mostly to treat disease. -
Period: to
Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a revolt against the Qing dynasty in China, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions, and lasting from 1850 to 1864.Taiping Rebellion has negative impacts on population density, but positive effect on industrialization and urbanization through change in endowment, human capital, and official stricture. -
Period: to
Sepoy Mutiny
The Sepoy Mutiny was a violent and very bloody uprising against British rule in India in 1857. It is also known by other names: the Indian Mutiny, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, or the Indian Revolt of 1857. The resentments leading to the mutiny had long been festering in the higher castes of the Bengal Army particularly relating to travel overseas which led to 'loss of caste' [1] and intervention into local practices such as Sati -
Period: to
Scramble for Africa
The Scramble for Africa, also called the Partition of Africa or the Conquest of Africa, was the invasion, occupation, division, and colonisation of African territory by European powers during a short period known to historians as the New Imperialism. The 'Scramble for Africa' the artificial drawing of African political boundaries among European powers in the end of the 19th century led to the partitioning of several ethnicities across newly created African states. -
Period: to
Berlin Conference
also known as the Congo Conference or West Africa Conference, regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period and coincided with Germany's sudden emergence as an imperial power. The result of the Berlin conference had a significant impact on today's African political climate because of the varying imperialistic influences of the countries that colonized the African land.