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Period: to
1954-1975
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France Defeated
After World War II the French reclaimed Vietnam as a colony. Led by Ho Chi Minh the Vietnamese battled agianst the French and ended up defeating them using their gueirlla tactics. -
The Geneva Conference
After the French surrenedered many powerful nations met in Switzerland to decide the future of Indochina. The conference agreed to seperate Vitenam at the 17th parrallel, giving the North to Ho Chi Minh and the South to Ngo Dinh Diem. -
Boycott Ends
After a year of boycotting trians the Supreme Court has declared that segregation on the bus is unconstitutional. The boycott started in Montgomery, Alabama. -
SCLC Formed
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference is formed. The group included 60 blakc ministers and was led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. -
Little Rock Nine
Nine African American studetns were allowed to enter Little Rock Central High School after protests. They were allowed to enter guarded by the US Army. -
Sit-Ins Begin
Four African Americans walked up to a whites only counter at a restaurant in Greensboro, NC. Despite threats and protests the students sat and waited patiently. -
Kennedy is Elected
President Kennedy becomes the youngest elected president defeating Richard Nixon by the closest margin in history. Kennedy came from a powerful Massachusetts family. -
Kennedy Inauguration
Kennedy was inaugurated in Washington D.C on a 20 degree day. He addressed his theme of change. He became the youngest ever elected president. -
First Human Into Space
The Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin was the first human to journey into space. This event fueled the space race between the Soviet Union and the USA. Kennedy then made the pledge that we would be the first to land on the moon. -
Bay of Pigs
The Bay of Pigs was led by Cuban exiles trying to overthrow Castro's governement. The plan was a horrible disaster and Kennedy took full responsibility for it. -
Freedom Rides Begin
The first freedom ride left Washington D.C. and was headed for New Orleans. The violence against the riders caused the civil rights movement to gain followers. -
Mapp v. Ohio
This case was taken by the Warren Court led by Earl Warren. The case ruled that search warrants apply to state and local police and not just the federal government. -
24th Amendment Passed
The 24th Amendment was passed and submitted to the states for ratification. It benned the states from taxing citizens to vote. -
The Feminine Mystique
The Feminine Mystique written by Betty Friedan sparked the nation's women to revolt and seek change. Almost all the survey respondents who were women said they felt trapped by their domestic life. -
Kennedy Assasinated
In Dallas, Texas President Kennedy was assasinated while riding in a parade. Lee Harvey Oswald was the assasin and was killed in custody. No one knows why Oswald decided to kill Kennedy. -
LBJ Becomes the New President
After President Kennedy was assasinated Lyndon B. Johnson became the new president of the United States. He took the oath while aboard the Air Force One shortly after the death of Kennedy. -
Civl Rights Act of 1964
This civil rights piece of legislation banned all forms of discrimination at the workplace. It also foced the schools to be desegregated. -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
An American boat sailing in the Gulf of Tonkin was attacked by Vietnamese troops in August. This incident gave President Johnson approval from Congress to become more invloved in the Vietnam War and stopping the Northern rebels from taking over the rest of the South. -
Protestors Gather by Police Car
Jack Weinberg set up a table in a banned area to collect donations for CORE but then the police came to arrest him for trespassing. When the police got there hundreds of students surrounded the police car and would not let it move out. This demonstration grew to around 7,000 people with 500 cops. -
Johnson Wins the Presidency
Lyndon Johnson took over his 2nd term in office defeating Barry Goldwater. Johnson's pledge was the Great Society and the War on Poverty. He was successful with passing several civil rights bills to help African Americans. -
Free Speech Movement
The Free Speech Movement started on the campus of Cal. Berkley and the continued to many other college campuses across the nation. This was seen as the start of students fighting for their own freedoms. -
Operation Rolling Tunder Begins
Operation Rolling Thunder which was a 3 year long bombing of North Vietnam begins. The US bombed bridges, buildings, and roads in hope of slowing down the North. -
Selma March
The Selma March marked the emotional peak of the civil rights movement. The first march included 600 marchers who were attacked by local and state police, The second march 2,500 marches crossed the Edmund Pettis Bridge. -
First National Antiwar Demonstration
The Students for a Democratic Soceity led the First Antiwar Demonstration in Washington D.C. 20,000 memebers marched to the capitol with a petition for Congress. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
In August Congress declared that voting discrimination is unconstitutionl and banned the practice. This was a major piece of legislation passed during the Civil Rights. -
Delano Strike
The Delano grpae stirke lasted for five years and was a major victory of the United Farm Workers. Later in the stirke the Mexican-American National Farmworkers Association led by Ceasar Chavez joined the strike. -
Immigration Act
The Immigration Act of 1965 gave preference to immigrants with relatives that already are living in the country. With the passage of this law the number of Latinos living in America rose sharply in the 1960's. -
NOW Created
The National Organization for Women was created by 28 women gathering in Washington D.C. This organization fought gender discrimination in school, the workplace, and in the justice system. -
Soldier Field Rally
The Civil Rights movement in Chicago was one of Martin Luther Kings biggest faliures. The blacks in the north already had freedoms that King was protesting and the cops also did not harass the marchers so his movement gained no momentum. -
Black Panther Party
The Black Panther Party was founded in Oakland by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. This organization was founded to protect African Americans from police brutality. -
Large Involvement for US in Vietnam
By the end of 1966 there were more then 385,00 troops stationed in Vietnam and the US was spending more then $2.5 billion dollars a month to support the war. This started the major involvement in the war for the US. -
MAYO Created
A group of young college students in San Antonio, Texas formed MAYO. The goal of this organization was to gain pwoer for Latinos in the creation of a third political party. -
Summer of Love
The Summer of Love marked the height of the hippie movement. Eventhough we were at war with Vietnam many of the hippies protested for peace and love. The city of San Francisco was the destination for most of these drug using hippies. -
The Tet Offensive
This surprise attack launched by the North Vietnamese was exectued during a period when no attacks were to take place.The Vietcongs goal was to take every major southern city but the attack was stopped and the Vietcong were destroyed. -
Johnson's Announcement
On this day President Johnson has announced that he will not run for the presidency again. Part of the reason why he will not is because of the stress of the Vietnam War and also his growing unpopularity within the American public. -
Dr. King Assassinated
Martin Luther KIng was assassinated in Memphis, Tennesse on the balcony of his hotel room. King was killed by James Earl Ray at the age of 39. -
The Civil Rights Act 1968
The Civil Rights Act of 1968 or the Fair Housing Act made it against the law to discriminate when buying or selling a house. -
The Poor Peoples Campaign
This event was an important expansion of the civil rights movement. African Americans alerted the nation of their plight and also the plight of the poor people living in America. -
Riot at Convention
Democratice party nominees were meeting in Chicago for the convention when 10,000 protestors came on the Chicago streets. The mayor of Chicago called in police to control the situation but it escalated into a riot and many were injured. -
Nixon Elected
Nixon's pledge to appeal to the American people was that he would end the war with peace and honor. Americans liked this idea and elected Nixon to be our nation's 46th president defeating Hubert Humphrey. -
Cambodia Bombing
President Nixon secretly tries to expand the Vietnam conflict by bombing their nieghboring counrty of Cambodia. His goal of this bombing was to disrupt their supply trail and gain better advantage at the negotiating table. -
Campus Violence
Violence breaks out on the Kent State Campus when four students were killed. The police were called in when the angry protestors sent fire to the ROTC building located on campus. -
PUSH Created
Jesse Jackson resigned from Operation Breadbasket in order to start his own organization called PUSH. This group is know for their work for poor and oppressed people around the world. -
Roe v. Wade
The court ruled in this landmark court decision banned abortion in the United States. Many people were proud of this decision while others were anrgy fearing for the lives of the pregnant women. -
Draft Ended
After Vietnam is when the unpopular draft was ended and the military was strictly volunteers. During Vietnam many men fled to Canada in order to avoid the draft and the war.
