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the first observations
In 1665, Robert Hooke reported that living things were composed of little boxes or cells -
Francisco Redi filled six jars with decaying meat.
Conditions; three jars covered with fine net which result in the no maggots
Conditions; Three open jars which result maggots appeared -
Period: to
the first observations
Antonin van Leeuwenhoek described live microorganisms that he observed in teeth scrapings, rain water, and peppercorn infusions. -
John Needham put boiled nutrient broth into covered flasks
Conditions; Nutrient broth heated, then placed in sealed flash which results microbial growth -
Vaccination
Edward Jenner inoculated a person with cowpox virus. The person was then protected from smallpox.
Vaccination is derived from vacca for cow.
The protection is called immunity. -
The germ theory of disease
Agostino Bassi showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus. -
The germ theory of disease
Ignaz Semmelwise advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another. -
Period: to
The golden age of microbiology
Beginning with Pasteur’s work, discoveries included the relationship between microbes and disease, immunity, and antimicrobial drugs -
the first observation
Rudolf Virchow said cells arise from preexisting cells -
The germ theory of disease
Pasteur believed that another silkworm disease was caused by a protozoan -
The germ theory of disease
Robert Koch proved that a bacterium causes anthrax and provided the experimental steps, Koch’s postulates, to prove that a specific microbe causes a specific disease. -
The germ theory of disease
Joseph Lister used a chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections after looking at Pasteur’s work showing microbes are in the air, can spoil food, and cause animal diseases
