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First intergrated cotton mill
Francis Cabot Lowell was the first to improve upon the design and organization of the early New England textile mills, utilizing power looms he had developed after observing similar machines in British factories.That mill at Waltham, Massachusetts, was the first vertically integrated factory in the United States -
Period: to
U.S. history 1820-1850
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the Bank war
Congress created a Second Bank of the United States with a charter set to expire in 1836. Some were suspicious of banks because they distrusted the paper money issued by them and because banks controlled credit and loans. dominated by the rich American and foreign interests.The bank's job was to inforce adepuate severves ans restricting speculative activities. The banks acted as a currency stabilizer by helping to control the suplly of money. -
The Elcetion of 1824
The Electiong of 1824 marked the end of the "Era of the Good Feelings"with 5 republian candidates running,Jackson won the popular vote, but failed to win a majority in the electoral college. The House of Representatives broke the tie in favor of Adams. -
The election of 1828
The electiondemonstrated the power of the new political culture and the new party system. With the help of Van Buren, Andrew Jaskcon was elected president. His party the Demorcratic Republic, spoke of democracy and of the common man. By securing support for the North, South, and West Jackson's Party became truly national. -
Railroads
From 1830 to 1860, 31000 miles of railroad track were built. The spread of railroads encouraged the modernization of the American iron industryto keep up with the demand for iron rails, but it was not until the 1860s that local railroads began the process of consolidation into larger systems. -
Slave Revolt
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Americans in Texas
The Texas settlement was full legal and land ownership was permitted through formal contracts with the Mecican government. Stephen F Austin encouraged southern slave owners to move to ther territory to expand their land holdings devote to the cultivation of cotton.The Austin settelments was followd by 26 others. These lade settlements were highly organized farming enterprises based on cotton grown by inslaved Afercan Americans. -
Americans in Texas continued
As the Mexican government restricted American immigration and outlawed slavery, American settelers dicussed rebellion. In Fall of 1835, war broke out ad by May 16, 1836 Santa Anna singed a treaty recongnizing the independence of the Republic of Texas. -
Whigs, Van Buren, and The election of 1839
In 1833, Nicholas Biddle called in all of the Bank's commercial loans. This cause a panic and recession. Merchants, businessmen, and planters blames Jackson for his war on the Bank. These goupes former a formal political party known as the Whigs. Despite the formation of the new party, Vice President Martin Van Buren won the Presidential election of 1836 -
After Nat Turner
After the rebellion, William Lloyd Garrison began publishing The Liberator, and antislavery paper.In the 1830s, southern states began to protect themselves form external abolitionist seniments. By1835every southern legislature had tightened it's laws concerning slavery and the control of slaves. In 1836, Southerners introduced the "gag rules" into Congress, a rule that prohibited the consideration or entertainment of abolitionist petitions. -
The Panic of 1837
The panic was caused by newly chartered banks were egaer to give loans out, the price of cotton rose rapidly, and there was much speculation in western lands. Jackson became alarmed at the widspread use of paper money. in 1836 he issued the Specie Circular which required payment for federal lands be make in only hard currency. The lead the the panic. -
Roads
In 1800, local roads were poor. By 1808 the federal government demonstrated its dedication to improving the nation's roads by funding the National Roads, with would by 1839 tie the East and West together -
The campaign of 1840
in 1840 the Whigs nominated William Henry Harrison as thier presidential candidate.They balanced their ticket, and their appeal, by nominating Southerner John Tyler s the vice president. The Wighs campaign tactics included blaming Van Buren for the continuing depression. There tactics worked and Harrison won an impressive electoral victory -
The telegraph
The telegraph was invented in 1844 by Samuel F. Morse.Sinse the invention of the telegrah news could be sent form one side of the country to the other side in a matter of minutes or hours rather than days and weeks as had peviously been done with letters -
The Gold Rush
James Marchall discovered gold flakes at Sutter's Mill.The east coast did not her about the discovery of gold in California until the autumn of 1848. Thousands of people left their jobs and headed wesr,by land and by sea, to make their fortune. The miners there were known as "forty-niners".80% were american. -
the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
In the Treadty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico ceded it's province of California and New Mexico on Feburary 2,1848 and accepted the Rio Grande as the boundary of Texas. The united Stated payed $15 million for mexico to return the land. The treaty was accepted -
women's rights
The first women's rights convention in American history was the Seneca Falls Convention of !848. The convention, which called for univeral woman suffrage, was an outgrowth of nearly 20 years of women's participation in various social reform movements.
