Roxanne edited 2

History of IDT

  • Period: to

    Visual Instruction Movement

  • School Museums

    School Museums
    One of the first instructional mediums was a school museum that supplemented the teacher's instruction with visual media.
  • Instuctional Films

    New York adopted films for regular instructional use.
  • "Books will soon be obsolete..."

    Thomas Edison proclaimed "Book will soon be obsolete in the schools...It is possible to teach every branch of human knowledge with th motion picture. Our school system will be completely changd in the next ten years." (cited in Seattler, 1968, p. 98). This did not happen as there were difficulties operating and maintaining equipment.
  • Period: to

    Audiovisual Instruction Movement

  • Period: to

    Great Depression

  • Consolidating National Professional Organizations

    Now called the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT)
  • Radio Interest

    Many hailed the radio as the media that would revolutionize education. However, due to poor equipment and resistance to change, this was not realized.
  • Period: to

    WWII

  • Filmstrip Training Troops

    U.S. military showed over 4 million showings of training films.
  • Overhead Projector

    U.S. Military developed the overhead projector for increased training opportunities.
  • 4 Components of Communication

    Shannon & Weaver pressed the importance of SENDER, RECEIVER, MESSAGE, and MEDIUM.
  • Increased Instructional Programming

    FCC set asided dedicated educational channels and the Ford Foundation provided dedicated funding for programs.
  • Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI)

    IBM researchers developed the first CAI author language and designed one of the first school programs. Other pioneers include Gordon Pask, Richard Atkinson, and Patrick Suppes. However, CAI had little impact on education.
  • Period: to

    Research Designs

    Control and experimental groups evaluated by posttests
  • Period: to

    Programmed Instruction Movement

    Skinner, Mager, Bloom
    Present instruction in small steps, require active responses to frequent questions, provide immediate feedback, and allow for learner self-pacing
  • Kirkpatrick's Training Evaluation Model

    Level 1 - Reaction
    Level 2 - Learning
    Level 3 - Behavior
    Level 4 - Results
  • Period: to

    Criterion-Referenced Testing Movement

    Tyler, Glaser
    Testing should be focused on the learning objectives and should be based on individual performance regardless of peer outcomes
  • Decreased Instructional Programming

    Due to ceased funding and mediocre instructional quality of the television programs.
  • Gagne's Domains of Learning

    Verbal Information, Intellectual Skills, Psychomotor Skills, Attitudes, and Cognitive Strategies
  • Formative/Summative Evaluation

    Scriven introduced these two emgering terms.
  • Stufflebeam's CIPP Evaluation Model

    Context
    Input
    Process
    Product
  • Rossi's 5-Domain Evaulation Model

    (late 1970s)
    Need Assessment
    Theory Assessment
    Implementation Assessment
    Impact Assessment
    Efficiency Assessment
  • Patton's Utilization-Focused Evaluation (U-FE)

    Only conducts evaluation is results will be used.
  • Period: to

    Digital Instructional Movement

  • Personal Computers in the Classroom

    40% of all elementary schools and more than 75% of all secondary schools in the U.S. had personal computers.
  • Roxanne was born

    Roxanne was born
    Just for context
  • Commercialization of the Internet

    This would lead to greater use of computers in education.
  • Corporate Training Statistics

    Corporate Training Statistics
    Less than 10% of the training in business was presented via technology.
  • Brinkerhoff's Success Case Model

    Identifies characteristics of best and worst performers and makes recommendations based on best performers.
  • Corporate Training Statistics

    Corporate Training Statistics
    More than 30% of the training in business was presented via technology.
  • Period: to

    Online Instruction

    Continued increase usage of online instruction (K-12, Higher Education, Business)
  • 93% of Classroom have Internet Access

    A drastic change from only 64% of classrooms having a computer in 1999.