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130
mirror of the soul
in 130CE-200CE blood has been used by egyptians as a medicine source. discovered how blood forms in the liver and travels through the veins to all parts of the body. -
300
mirror of the soul
in 300B.C, In Egypt, one of the first Greek anatomists to dissect human cadavers. Herophilus of Chalcedon, determines that arteries are thicker than veins and carry blood. -
350
mirror of the soul
Greek philosopher Aristotle believes that the heart is the central organ of the body. he thought it was the seat of the soul. -
400
mirror of the soul
in 400BCE Hippocrates, believes the body is comprised of four humors -- blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. and they cause diseases. -
450
mirror of the soul
in 450 BCE, Empedocles, believed that the organ of sense is the heart. compromisedf the 4 elements. earth, fire, air, and water. -
500
mirror of the soul
in 500BCE, Alcmaeon of Croton, observes that arteries and veins are dissimilar. he was a Greek thinker who practiced animal dissection, -
status quo under fire
Fabricius whos an anatomist publishes the value of veins. which featured the first drawings of vein valves. -
developments and discoveries
in 1628 people witnessed the first known blood transfusions, from animal to animal. discovered the flow of blood to and from the lungs. -
william harvey
British physician William Harvey explains that blood circulates within the body and is pumped by the heart. experiments on animals and on the surface veins of arms of living subjects. -
jan swammerdam
Jan Swammerdam thought to be the first person to observe and describe red blood cells. -
marcello malpighi
Marcello Malpighi observes the capillary system. which is the network of fine vessels that connect the arteries and the veins. -
status quo under fire
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, provided a more precise description of red blood cells. it even gave an accurate size. -
discoveries and explorations
in 1795, a physician performed the first human to human transfusion. nonetheless, his work was never published. -
discovery and explorations
William Osler observes that small cell fragments from the bone marrow make up the bulk of clots formed in blood vessels. these are called platelets. -
dicoveries and explorations
in 1901, an Austrian physician Karl Landsteiner concludes that two different types of antibodies exist to cause agglutination. discovered three main human blood groups -- A, B, and C, which he later changes to O. -
discovery and exploration
Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli identify a fourth blood group AB. causes agglutination in the red cells of both groups "A" and "B." -
discovery and exploration
Dr. Reuben Ottenberg performs the first transfusion using cross matching. he virtually eliminated transfusion reactions. -
discovery and exploration
Dr. Richard Lewisohn formulates the optimum concentration of sodium citrate. it can be mixed with donor blood to prevent coagulation. -
the impact of war
Dr. Serge Yudin is the first to test the efficacy of transfusing humans with cadaver blood. The Soviets are the first to establish a network of facilities to collect and store blood for use in transfusions at hospitals. -
The impact of war
in 1935 blood donating services started occuring to help those at war. the storing of citrated blood and utilizing it for transfusions occured. -
the impact of war
Drs. Philip Levine and R.E. Stetson uncover an unknown antibody in the blood of a woman who's given birth to a stillborn. that a factor in the blood of the fetus, inherited from father, acts up the antibody production in the mother. -
the impact of war
Drs. Karl Landsteiner and Alexander Wiener discover the Rh blood group. they did it by experimenting with the red blood cells of Rhesus monkeys. -
the impact of war
Dr. Drew devises a modern and highly sterile system to process, test, and store plasma. also, Edwin Cohn invents a method to separate out its different proteins. -
the impact of war
American Red Cross agrees to organize a civilian blood donor service to collect blood plasma. the first center opened in new york. -
the impact of war
Dr. Carl W. Walter, develops a plastic bag for the collection of blood. it wa more stronger than glass. -
AIDS
1959 the X-rays are beamed on crystals to reveal their atoms. Dr. Max Perutz is able to unravel the structure of hemoglobin, the protein within red blood cells that carries oxygen. -
new challenges
Dr. Robert Gallo of the NIH announces that he's identified the virus that causes AIDS. he called it HTLV III. -
AIDS
in 1985 the ELISA test -- is licensed by the U.S. government on March 2. the ELISA test is the first blood-screening test to detect the presence or absence of HIV antibodies. -
mirror of the soul
in 2500 BCE, Egyptians use bleeding to treat patients. they would bleed from the foot and neck.
