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Chinese Exclusion Act
Signed by 21st President Chester A. Arthur, this became a United States Federal Law stating that the U.S. was able to suspend Chinese immigration which was only intended to last 10 years. On December 17, 1943, this act was finally repealed by the Magnuson Act. Some believe that this act came about from the gold rush in which much chinese immigration occured due to this. -
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Marcus Garvey
Jamaican publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He founded the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement, which promoted the return of the African Diaspora to their ancestral lands. -
Treaty of Paris
(Either Dec. 10 or Dec. 20) A treaty signed by Spain and the United States, to end the Spanish-American War. The United States gained temporary control of Cuba and actual control over Guam and Puerto Rico. Spain ceded the Philippines on the condition that the United States pay the Islands $20 million for public works. -
Boxer Rebellion
(no exact date). A group of peasants joined secretly in Northern China to become the "Righteous and Harmonious Fists" otherwise known as "Boxers" by the people of the West. Members of this society practiced fighting techniques such as boxing and rituals in which they believed made them impervious to bullets (included canon shots, rifles, and knives) and gave them ability to levitate or fly. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
Established on July 2, 1890, however law was not recognized by politicians till 1901-1909 (no exact date) (Theodore Roosevelt's presidency). Signed into law by President Benjamin Harrison, this act was named after Ohio senator John Sherman, his primary supporter. This Act of 1890 made it illegal for companies to establish a monopoly on products or services
in which would destroy other competition. Major coroporations began to suffer from this act as they lost their edge in business. -
National Reclamation Act (Newlands)
(no exact date) Also known as Reclamation Act or Lowlands Reclamation Act. United States Federal Law in which provided funding for arid lands in 20 states of the West (American). This led to plenty of dams due to the construction, maintenance, and restoring of these lands. New iand improved irrigated land from this act would be sold and put in for more projects such as this. Author of this act is Francis G. Newlands from Nevada. -
Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty
Signed treaty between Panama and United States. This established the Panama Canal Zone, as well as the process of building the Panama Canal. Named After Phillipe Bunau-Varilla (French diplomatic representative of Panama), and the United State's own state secretary John Hay. Terms of treaty established in Washington D.C. and New York City. United States reserved rights to a canal zone, while Panama recieved 10 million in payment, as well as an annual rental of 250,000 dollars. -
Gentleman's Agreement
(no exact date) Informal agreement between the United States and the Empire of Japan in which the U.S. would not impose restriction on Japanese immigration, and Japan would not allow further emigration to the U.S. The main idea was to reduce tensions between the two powerful Pacific nations. The agreement was never ratified by Congress, which in 1924 ended it. -
Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy
(Sometime in March) Pinchot accuses Ballinger that he is giving favors or trust from the nation's natural resources to private corporations and buisnesses. After some investigation, Ballinger was innoncent from any illegal charges but was noticed for bending the government's environmental policies slightly. Taft lost some credibility to the porgressive republicans for supporting him. -
17th Ammendment
established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote. -
16th Ammendment
allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results. -
Clayton Anti Trust Act
An amendment passed by the U.S. Congress in 1914 that provides further clarification and substance to the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. The Clayton Antitrust Act attempts to prohibit certain actions that lead to anti-competitiveness. -
The Birth of a Nation (KKK)
Otherwise known as "The Clansman", this silent drama film is directed by D.W. Griffith. This drama portrays 2 families in the Civil War & Reconstruction era of America where one is Pro-Union, and one is Pro-Confederate. This also covers the dramatized assasination of Abraham Lincoln. This film is known to portray the Ku Klux Klan as a heroic force. -
Zimmerman Note
(no exact date) Otherwise known as the Zimmermann Telegram. This was a diplomatic proposal from the German Empire to Mexico to make war against the United States. The proposal was intercepted by British intelligence. Revelation of the Telegram angered Americans and led in part to a United States declaration of war on Germany in April. -
US in WWI
U.S. joined its allies--Britain, France, and Russia--to fight in World War I. Under the command of Major General John J. Pershing, more than 2 million U.S. soldiers fought on battlefields in France. Many Americans were not in favor of the U.S. entering the war and wanted to remain neutral. -
Selective Service Act
Otherwise known as the Selective Draft Act.
This authorized the federal government to raise a national army for the American entry into World War I. This Act killed over 100,000 of people. -
Influenze Epidemic
( no exact date ) The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 killed more people than the Great War, known today as World War I (WWI), at somewhere between 20 and 40 million people. It has been cited as the most devastating epidemic in recorded world history. More people died of influenza in a single year than in four-years of the Black Death Bubonic Plague from 1347 to 1351. Known as "Spanish Flu" or "La Grippe" the influenza of 1918-1919 was a global disaster. -
Fourteen Points
Speech given by United States President Woodrow Wilson to a joint session of Congress . This speech was intended to assure the country that the Great War was being fought for a moral cause and for postwar peace in Europe. -
18th Ammendment
The United States Constitution established prohibition in the United States. The separate Volstead Act set down methods of enforcing the Eighteenth Amendment, and defined which "intoxicating liquors" were prohibited. -
19th Ammendment
The Constitution allows the states to determine the qualifications for voting, and until the 1910s most states disenfranchised women. The amendment was the culmination of the women's suffrage movement, which fought at both state and national levels to achieve the vote. The United States Constitution prohibits any United States citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex based on this ammendment. -
Marcus Garvey
Born August 17, 1887. Jamaican publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He founded the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement, which promoted the return of the African Diaspora to their ancestral lands.
