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200 Years of Peace Education in the US
"The history of peace education in America is largely hidden, and the legitimacy of the field has always been questioned in terms of its goals for research and advocacy..." The pupose of this timeline is to reveal that history and highlight some of the most interesting projects and people - culminating in the release of Morgan Stewart's original peace initiative, PEACEMONGERS. (Timeline based on research found here:www.tc.columbia.edu/.../Stomfay-StitzUnited%20States_22feb08.doc) -
A 'moral' cause
Elihu Burritt distributes boradsides called "Olive Leaves for the Press" to over 200 New England newpapers. He goes on to be an influential figure in the area, and can be considered, along with his Quaker affiliates, to be one of America's original Peacemongers. -
A home for social welfare
Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr rent out an abandoned mansion in Chicago. The women renovate the location and use it to operate Hull House, an social welfare, educational, and housing faciltity, which was in use for over 120 years. -
Leagues of Peace
Fannie Fern Andrews founds the American School Peace League. By this time, there are over 50 individual societies devoted to peace education. -
Communism comes to the US stage
Communist Party USA is inaugurated as a political party. Association with socialism and communism begins to reflect poorly on movements in peace education. -
Senate takes a stand against 'Merchants of Death'
Resource The Nye Committee Hearings showed the American public that there were traditional profiteers from gruesome wars. "Nye energetically opposed U.S. involvement in foreign wars. He promised, “when the Senate investigation is over, we shall see that war and preparation for war is not a matter of national honor and national defense, but a matter of profit for the few.” -
Conflict-resolution recognized as 'vital component;
Theodore Lentz founds Peace Research Laboratory and introduces conflict resolution to the limited number of higher education peace studies programs as a "vital component of peace education". -
Late Fifties - Red Scare retard peace progress
The damage done to the peace education movement by both World Wars was nothing compared to the Red Scare under McCarthy. His efforts impeded the progress of peace education until the focus of the movement was shifted aay from conflict-resolution to "global education". -
Freedom Schools established in Mississippi
During the height of the civil rights movement, Freedom Schools made peace education for black students possible. -
Increased violence seen in press
American citizens bear witness to an unprecedented rash of public violence in the late 60's. Peace education leaders take charge after the asassination of MLK Jr. and the results of the Tet offensive with a renewed vigor. -
Montessori on the rise
Maria Montessori publishes her book, "Education and Peace". She, along with Betty Reardon, becomes one of the most prominent figures in the effort to increase peace and tolerant values-based education in schools. -
Conflict-resolution returns to agenda
Ian Harris leads the charge to along with others from educational organizations and conflict-resolution programs begin to be widely integrated into K-12 curriculum. -
The Day After
The fictional TV movie becomes a catalyst for nuclear disarmament education. -
Preparing for a new millenium
Human rights agenda added to international studies, but unfortunately the movement doesn't take root in US. On the other hand, the internet ushers in a new era for peace education, linking it to arts and humanities disciplines. -
Academic journals provide much-needed research
Throughout the first decade of the new millenium, it seems that an increased amount of scholarship is done to promote peace edcuation and peace studies in general. -
PEACEMONGERS film and educational guide makes debut
Film and other arts media are used to promote conflict-resolution strategies and peace education curricula throughout the US. PEACEMONGERS becomes a popular example of such initatives. ;)
