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Period: Jan 22, 1561 to
Francis Bacon
Wikipedia entry father of the scientific method LIght bearing and fruit bearing experiements. Knowledge is power Father of empiricism Idols -
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John Locke
Wikipedia entry follower of Francis Bacon Social contract theory. political philosophy Founder of british empiricism -
Enlightenment begins
Wikipedia entry
Descartes' Discourse on the Method, published
The Enlightenment was less a set of ideas than it was a set of values. At its core was a critical questioning of traditional institutions, customs, and morals, and a strong belief in rationality and science. Thus, there was still a considerable degree of similarity between competing philosophies -
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Isaac Newton
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George Berkeley
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David Hume
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Claude Helvetius
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Begining of the Industrial revolution
Wikipedia Entry
Major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of the times Starting in the later part of the 18th century, there began a transition in parts of Great Britain's previously manual labour and draft-animal–based economy towards machine-based manufacturing. It started with the mechanisation of the textile indust -
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Willliam Paley
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Jeremy Bentham
Wikipedia entry Codified Utilitarianism. The first ethical system attempted to be derived from science and to be a science itself. Emphasized that his approach to ethics was intended for legislatures. "Greatest good for the greatest number"
To maxamize the balance of pleasure over pain
Felicific Calculus .
Friend of James Mill. Very influential. -
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James Mill
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Enllightenment Ends. Begining of the "Modern era"
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John Stewart Mill
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Karl Marx
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Edwin L. Drake
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Herbert Spencer
Wikipedia Entry Social Darwinist
Spencer adopted a utilitarian standard of ultimate value—the greatest happiness of the greatest number—and the culmination of the evolutionary process would be the maximization of utility. "Social Darwinist" Coined the term "Survival of the fittest" Was very widely read, influenced Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller etc Was a polymath-pursuing studies in many different disciplines -
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Thomas Henry Huxley
Wikipedia Entry One of the first professional scientists, a new breed in the 19th century. A materialist, believed in the natural world as explanations for phenomena. A supporter of Darwin's. Rejected "Social Darwinism" believed morality and ethics were derived from combating the "cosmic order" rather than lookin toward it for moral guidance. -
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Andrew Carnegie
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John Muir
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John D. Rockefeller
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Begin Second Industrial Revolution "Technological Revolution"
Wikipedia Entry
The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of the larger Industrial Revolution corresponding to the later half of the 19th century until World War I. It is considered to have begun with Bessemer steel in the 1860s and culminated in mass production and the production line.
The Second Industrial Revolution saw rapid industrial development in Western Europe etc -
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Gifford Pinchot
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Dust Bowl begins
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Nuclear Energy Use Comes to the United States