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The alchemists held that sulfur and mercury were the two basic building blocks from which all metals were created. The fluidity and flammability of mercury, two fundamental properties, are what gave origin to metals' malleability. The sulphur provided body and calcination due to its vital trait of combustibility.
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The atomists believed that there are tiny, unbreakable bodies that make up everything else and that these bodies move endlessly in space. Atomism was the most influential of the early materialist explanations of the natural world that did not rely on some sort of teleology or purpose to explain the apparent order and regularity observed in the world.
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Plato's most famous work is the Republic, which details a wise society run by a philosopher. He is also famous for his dialogues, which showcase his metaphysical theory of forms
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He made pioneering contributions to all fields of philosophy and science, he invented the field of formal logic, and he identified the various scientific disciplines and explored their relationships to each other. Aristotle was also a teacher and founded his own school in Athens, known as the Lyceum.
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he was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist.[1] He is best known for introducing the atomic theory into chemistry, and for his research into colour blindness
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Most people know Lavoisier for his discovery of the function of oxygen in combustion. He challenged the phlogiston idea and recognized and named oxygen and hydrogen.
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Those with similar physical and chemical qualities follow each interval of seven chemical elements if the elements are ordered in increasing order of atomic weight. -
The periodic table was published by a Russian chemist named Dmitri Mendeleev barely five years after John Newlands proposed his Law of Octaves. Mendeleev similarly organized the elements then known in order of relative atomic mass, but he also took other steps that greatly improved the success of his table.
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When a substance absorbs electromagnetic radiation, a phenomena known as electrically charged particle release occurs from or within the material. -
Henri Becquerel, a French physicist, opened a drawer and found spontaneous radioactivity.
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using a Crookes, or cathode ray, tube, for testing. He provided evidence that cathode rays have a negative charge. He also investigated positively charged neon gas particles.
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a subatomic particle with a positive charge that was found by Ernest Rutherford in 1917.
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A historically accurate scientific representation of the atom is the plum pudding model. According to the "plum pudding" model, electrons are enclosed in a region of positive charge, just like negatively charged "plums" are contained within positively charged "pudding."
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To ensure that the majority of the energy is released as visible waves, light bulb filaments should be heated to a temperature of roughly 3,200 Kelvin. -
The positive-charged alpha particles struck a piece of gold foil. Most alpha particles passed through unharmed. This demonstrated that the gold atoms primarily consisted of empty space. -
In designated permitted pathways known as orbits, the electrons encircle the atom's nucleus. The electron's energy is fixed while it is in one of these orbits.
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The quantity of positive charges in the atomic nucleus is what determines an atom's number, according to a study written by Moseley. Between aluminum and gold, he added, there were three undiscovered elements with the atomic numbers 43, 61, and 75. -
Robert Millikan was a physicist who discovered the elementary charge of an electron using the oil-drop experiment.
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electron, lightest stable subatomic particle known. It carries a negative charge of 1.602176634 × 10−19 coulomb, which is considered the basic unit of electric charge.
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The wave function of a quantum mechanical system is controlled by the Schrödinger equation, which is a linear partial differential equation. It is an important outcome in quantum mechanics, and its discovery represented a turning point in the field's evolution. -
A particle, like a photon or electron, can't be precisely known in both its position and speed. -
When the alpha particles released by polonium were impacted on comparatively light materials like lithium, beryllium, and boron, a penetrating kind of radiation was created.
