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Mussolini takes over Italy's Government
Link to More Info On the 23 of March, 1919, Benito Mussolini took over Italy's government. Later, in 1922, he became the Prime Minister of Italy and turned it into a Totaltarian state. References:
Bbc.co.uk,. 'BBC - History - Historic Figures: Benito Mussolini (1883-1945)'. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. HISTORY.com,. 'Benito Mussolini - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. -
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WWII
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Beer Hall Putsch
More Info Hitler's early unsucessful attempt to take over Germany by coup d'etat. The group started in the Bürgerbräu Keller in the Bavarian city of Munich, and attempted to take the state government. Hitler was given a 5 year scentence for treason. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Beer Hall Putsch (Munich Putsch)'. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. -
Kellogg-Briand Pact
More info A pact between the US and France against all war between the two groups except for a defensive war. As as many as 60 countries joined the pact later on. References:
Infoplease.com,. 'Kellogg-Briand Pact'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Inter-wars.weebly.com,. 'Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928 - Inter-War Period: Causes Of WWII'. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Feb. 2015. -
U.S. Stock Market Crash
More Info
On a day known as "Black Tuesday", tons of shares on the stock market were traded, resulting in the loss of millions of dollars, and ultimately it became the start of the Great Depression. References:
Crash, 1929. 'Stock Market Crash Of 1929 - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Telegraph.co.uk,. 'Oct 24, 1929: Wall St Crash - Telegraph'. N.p., 2008. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. -
Japan Invades Manchuria
More Info Japan invaded Manchuria for resources and land. The LoN's actions against Japan for this action were less than optimal, as Japan never withdrew from Manchuria. References:
Inter-wars.weebly.com,. 'Japan Invades Manchuria 1931 - Inter-War Period: Causes Of WWII'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2015. -
Hitler becomes Germany's Chancellor
More info On this day, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany. Soon after becoming Chancellor, Hitler began to create new laws. References:
History.com,. 'Adolf Hitler Is Named Chancellor Of Germany — History.Com This Day In History — 1/30/1933'. N.p., 1948. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Bbc.co.uk,. 'BBC - History - Adolf Hitler (Pictures, Video, Facts & News)'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. -
Japan Withdraws from the League of Nations
More Info: As consequences for their actions, sanctions were placed on Japan, as well as some other punishments. Angered by this, Japan left the LoN. Eventually, they would be one of the three countries that break the ToV. References:
Johndclare.net,. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. igelgraves.co.uk,. 'The League Of Nations'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. -
Nazi's reach a political majority in Germany
More Info Upon hs election as Chancellor, many of the governmental seats were capable of getting rid of Hitler, so naturally, to stay in power, the governmental seats had to be majority Nazi. On this day, the Nazis reached that majority. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Nazi Rule'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. olocaust-education.dk,. 'The Danish Center For Holocaust And Genocide Studies'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. -
First Anti-Semitic Law is passed in Germany
More Info Shortly after his election to chancellor status, Hitler immediatley began work on creating new laws. Among these laws were some of the first anti-semetic laws that limited Jewish rights, such as the ability to sell wares to German citizens. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Antisemitic Legislation 1933–1939'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. The Holocaust,. 'Anti-Jewish Laws'. N.p., 2012. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. -
The night of the long knives (Rohm Purge)
More Info
On this night, many of the nazi party members that helped Hitler to power were killed by the Nazis themselves. This was because Hitler feared that these Nazis had taken his early propaganda too seriously. References:
History.com,. 'Night Of The Long Knives — History.Com This Day In History — 6/30/1934'. N.p., 1936. We Spartacus Educational,. 'Night Of The Long Knives'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Hitler openly announces to his cabinet he will defy the Treaty of Versailles
More Info Hitler announces to his Party that he will re-arm the German military and increase the number of troops to 550,000. The LoN took almost no action against this violation of the ToV. References:
Historyplace.com,. 'The History Place - Triumph Of Hitler: Nazis March Into The Rhineland'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Creation of the Nuremberg Laws
More Info The Nuremburg Laws were another step in Hitler's plan to completely get rid of the Jews. These laws prevented the marriage and sexual relations of the Jewish to any Germans.
The laws also said tat anyone with three or four Jewish grandparents were Jews, regardless of religion. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'The Nuremberg Race Laws'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Italy invades Ethiopia
More Info Due to the LoN being known for it's near worthless action against any agression of any kind, Mussolini decided to take over Ethiopia, and the worst he recieved was a few sanctions. References:
Www2.needham.k12.ma.us,. 'Ethiopia'. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Mar. 2015. Uahsibhistory.wikispaces.com,. 'Uahsibhistory - The Italian Invasion Of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) 1935-36'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Hitler Militarizes the Rhineland
More Info Hitler again defies the ToV by re-militarizing the Rhineland. This could easily be taken as an agressive action by France and the Lon, but nothing is done about it, and appeasement is once again invoked. References:
History.com,. 'Hitler Reoccupies The Rhineland — History.Com Totallyhistory.com,. 'Remilitarization Of The Rhineland (Mar. 7, 1936) Summary & Facts'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Rape of Nanking
More Info As the Japanese troops neared Nanking, China's capital, the CHinese leaders feared of a Japanese victory. Official army
troops were withdrawn from Nanking. When Japans army arrived, they killed around 300,000 people. Reference:
HISTORY.com,. 'Nanjing Massacre - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. Eyewitnesstohistory.com,. 'The Rape Of Nanking, 1937'. N.p., 2015. Web. 18 Feb. 2015. -
Germany Annexes Austria
More INfo Hitler once again defies the ToV, and is met with appeasement. He annexes Austria, who was forbidden to unite with Germany following WWI. Reference:
History.com,. 'Germany Annexes Austria — History.Com This Day In History — 3/12/1938'. N.p., 1933. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. WW2DB,. 'Annexation Of Austria'. N.p., 2015. Web. 2 Mar. 2015. -
Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia
More Info Taking another bold and dangerous step, Hitler demanded that the Sudetenland be given back to Germany. If not, it would be taken by force. References:
Bbc.co.uk,. 'BBC - Higher Bitesize History - Munich : Revision'. N.p., 2015. Web. 4 Mar. 2015. War44.com,. 'The Beginning Of World War II, 1939'. N.p., 2006. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Munich Conference
More Info After the Munich conference, Hitler and his troops marched into the Sudetenland (And later the rest of Czechoslovakia) unnapposed by the Czechs, Britain, or France. References:
Bbc.co.uk,. 'BBC - Higher Bitesize History - Munich : Revision, Page2'. N.p., 2015. Web. 4 Mar. 2015. Historytoday.com,. 'The Munich Conference | History Today'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Kristallnacht
More Info On this night, many violent pogroms against Jewish buisnesses and synagouges occured. Many Jewish owned venues were burned and nothng was done about the fires. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Kristallnacht: A Nationwide Pogrom, November 9–10, 1938'. N.p., 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. Ushmm.org,. 'Online Exhibition — United States Holocaust Memorial Museum'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Einstein’s letter to FDR, “The Manhattan Project”
More Info Alert Einstein informed FDR of the nuclear bomb, a weapon that the Germans were building and encouraged the study and development of he weapon in the US. It was dubbed the "Manhattan Project" Refernces:
AMNH,. 'The Manhattan Project'. N.p., 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. Dannen.com,. 'Einstein's Letter To Roosevelt, August 2, 1939'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
More Info Shortly before WWII, the Hitler and Stalin both signed the Molotov-Ribbontrop pact, which preveted any fightin between the two countries (Germany and Russia) This pact fell apart when Germany tried to invade Russian in 1941. Reference: HISTORY.com,. 'German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Nazi invasion of Poland
More Info The Non-agression pact that Hitler and Stalin signed also had a secret agreement, in which Poland would be split up between the two, with Germany etting the western half. Shorlty after the pact, Germany moved to invade Poland. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Invasion Of Poland, Fall 1939'. N.p., 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. Eyewitnesstohistory.com,. 'The Nazi Occupation Of Poland'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Evacuation of Dunkirk
More Info As the allied troops were pushed back, they eventually were surrounded in Dunkirk, with nothing ut open water behind them. Thousands of soldiers were saved by GB. References:
News.bbc.co.uk,. 'BBC ON THIS DAY | 4 | 1940: Dunkirk Rescue Is Over - Churchill Defiant'. N.p., 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. Eyewitnesstohistory.com,. 'The Evacuation Of Dunkirk, 1940'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
France Surrenders
More Info Once Paris fell, all hope seemed to be lost. France signed an armistice with Germany, ending most of the fighting, except for guerilla attacks led by Charles de Gaulle. References:
surrender, France. 'France To Surrender - Jun 17, 1940 - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 5 Mar. 2015. Findingdulcinea.com,. 'On This Day: France Surrenders To Nazi Germany'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
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Battle of Britain
More Info The Battle of Britain started when Germany tried to invade GB. Countless air raids, known as the Blitz, were executed on British cities. So many, in fact, that air raid sirens were a common thing. However, GB held out and eventually Germany gave up. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Battle Of Britain - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 6 Mar. 2015. -
The tripartite Pact
More Info This pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan as an agreement that they would assist each other from any other attacks from any countries that weren't already in the war. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Axis Alliance In World War II'. N.p., 2015. Web. 6 Mar. 2015. Wochiuswwiiproject.wikispaces.com,. 'Wochiuswwiiproject - Axis Powers'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Lend Lease Act
More Info The Lend Lease act was created as a way for the US to lend foreign nations supplies and weapons while staying neutral in the war. This was one of the greater steps toward war for America. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Lend-Lease Act - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Operation Barbarossa
More INfo Often known as one of Hitler's biggest mistakes in the war, Operation Barbarossa was on of Germany's first defeats. Germany lost hundreds of thousand of soldiers attempting to invade the USSR. References:
Stalingrad, Battle. 'Operation Barbarossa - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 6 Mar. 2015. The Atlantic,. 'World War II: Operation Barbarossa'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
More Info America knew an attack could come from Japan, but they never knew when or where. Suddenly,Pearl Harbor in Hawaii was attacked by Japanese planes. This event drug the US into WWII References:
Harbor, Attack. 'Pearl Harbor - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 6 Mar. 2015. Ashlock, Alex. 'Veteran Recalls Pearl Harbor Attack'. hereandnow. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Creation of the United Nations
More Info The UN were created as a way to preseve peace after WWII and to help end the war. (Think LoN 2.0). At the first meeting, they planned out the joint invasion of Europe and future peace plans. References:
created, United. 'United Nations Created - Jan 01, 1942 - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 9 Mar. 2015. Un.org,. 'History Of The United Nations Charter'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
The Wannsee Conference and the “Final Solution”
More Info High rsnking nazi officials met at the Wannsee conference where they discussed how they would murder billions of Jews in their concentration camps. Many mehods were discussed, but soon they settled on gas. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Wannsee Conference And The "Final Solution"'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015. Irish Times,. 'An Irishman’S Diary On Wannsee And The ‘Final Solution’'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Bataan Death March
More Info After the Philippines and the Bataan Peninsula surrendered, the men were put into groups and marched some 65 miles. Many thousands of them died due to the brutality of their captors. Others that survived would probably die later in prisoner of war camps. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Bataan Death March - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015 -
Doolittle Raid
More Info After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the US wanted revenge. That revenge came in the form of the Doolittle raid, even if it was only symbolic. 16 B-52 bombers were brought by an aircraft carrier within flight distance of Japan. References:
Eyewitnesstohistory.com,. 'The Doolittle Raid, 1942'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015. Cv6.org,. 'The Doolittle Raid: April 18, 1942'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Battle of Midway
More Info After the Doolittle raid, Japan hastily planned a counterattack to get rid of the rest of the US aircraft carriers. The US intercepted and decoded the message, and then launched a counter-counterattack on Japan's fleet. This battle was the turning point of the war in the Pacific. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Battle Of Midway - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Period: to
Battle of Stalingrad
More info Regarded as on of Hitler's bigger mistakes of the war, the Battle of Stalingrad was an eventual loss for the German army. Violating the non-agression pact he had with Stalin, Hitler now had a two front war that he had fight on. Reference: Stalingrad, Battle. 'Battle Of Stalingrad - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Operation Torch
More Info The North African invasion was the first allied attack on the Nazis and their Allies. Not much resistance was expected, but some came from the Vichy French. References:
Nationalww2museum.org,. 'The National WWII Museum | New Orleans: Collections: Artifacts: Operation Torch'. N.p., 2015. Web. 11 Mar. 2015. Historylearningsite.co.uk,. 'Operation Torch'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Period: to
Island Hopping
More Info A strtegy used after the Battle of Midway to bypass strongly held, Japanese controlled islands. This in turn created a network of islands and air control of the entire reigon for the US. References:
U-s-history.com,. 'Island Hopping'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Operation Overlord and D-Day
More Info Operation Overlord, also known as D-day, was an attack that was carried out on a 50 mile stretch of beach in Northern France. It was the largest amphibious invasion in history. By late August of 1944, all of northern France had been liberated, and later next spring, the war was over. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'D-Day - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Operation Valkyrie
More info A plot to assasinate Hitler made by some of the Nazi's closest to him. Operation Valkyire was actually an Operation to keep the Nazi's power should Hitler fall. The operation failed. References:
Historyplace.com,. 'The History Place - Defeat Of Hitler: Running Out Of Time'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Mar. 2015. Beyondbandofbrothers.com,. 'Operation Valkyrie'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Discovery of Majdanek
More Info As the Soviets marched closer to Madjanek, it was abandoned by the Nazi SS Gernerals who ran it. They didn't dismantle the camp as they were told, leading to it's discovery by the Soviets. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Lublin/Majdanek Concentration Camp: Conditions'. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Mar. 2015. WW2DB,. 'Discovery Of Concentration Camps And The Holocaust'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Period: to
Battle of the Bulge
More INfo The Battle of the Bulge was Hitler's last major offense in the war. Hitler launched a suprise attack to split up the Allies and to extend his reach over western Europe. Despite the high casualties on the Allied side, the Germans eventually lost and were pushed back. References:
Bulge, Battle. 'Battle Of The Bulge - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Hitler’s Suicide
More Info As the Allied forces close in on Berlin, Hitler retreated to his bunker and comitted suicide with his wife. References:
Hitler, Death, and Adolf bunker. 'Adolf Hitler Commits Suicide In His Underground Bunker - Apr 30, 1945 - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 12 Mar. 2015. Evabraun.dk,. 'The Suicide Of Eva Braun And Adolf Hitler'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
V-E Day
More Info The day that the Allied forces in the west crossed over the Rhine R. and entered Berlin, making the Germans surrender. Later, they would be met by the Soviets from the East, and a treaty is signed over an Allied victory in the war. References:
Infoplease.com,. 'V-E Day: May 8, 1945'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
More Info After many tests, the first successful plutonium bomb was produced. After Japan's refusal to surrender, the US dropped two of these new nuclear bombs on Japan. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. English.illinois.edu,. 'A Photo-Essay On The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
V-J Day
More Info The Allies triumph over Japan in the Pacific, ending WWII. This surrender came several days after the nuclear bombings on Japan and several months after Germany's surrender. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'V-J Day - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
Period: to
The Nuremburg Trials
More Info The Nuremburg trials were held to bring any living Nazi war criminals to justice. Many of the trials revolved around the accusation that the Nazi party members were guilty of crimes against humanity. References:
HISTORY.com,. 'Nuremberg Trials - World War II - HISTORY.Com'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
The Japanese War Crime Trials
More Info Trials held for the Japanese war crimes comitted during the war (See: Bataan Death March) References
begins, Japanese. 'Japanese War Crimes Trial Begins - May 03, 1946 - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. : Linder, Doug. 'Tokyo War Crimes Trials (1946-48): Bibliography And Selectedlinks'. Law2.umkc.edu. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015. -
The beginning of the Cold War
More Info After WWII, tensions between the US and the USSR grew high as more powerful nuclear weapons were created. The stakes were extremely high, and the US even feared a Soviet plan References:
War, Cold. 'Cold War History - Cold War - HISTORY.Com'. HISTORY.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015. Dystopiana2012.wikispaces.com,. 'Dystopiana2012 - Tehran Conference - Beginning Of The Cold War'. N.p., 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2015.
