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Mussolini takes over Italy's Government (March on Rome)
March on Rome was lead by Benito Mussolini and by a Fascist Party. Mussolini wanted to seize power in Italy and wouldn't accept nothing less but control of Italy's government. Blackshirts started to takeover local places throughout Italy. The King refused to send out troops against the Fascists, so Mussolini succeeded and became in control of Italy.
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Beer Hall Putsch
Beer Hall Putsch was a failed takeover of Bavaria's state governnement. Hitler's plan was to kidnap the state commissioner, and two other politicians. After the fail of coup d'etat, Hitler was sentenced to five years in prison and convicted of treason. References:
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
The Kellog-Briand Pact was an agreement signed by a number of nations. Its intentions were to outlaw the use of war to resolve issues between signatory states, or in other word to prevent another world war. The pact was unsuccessful in preventing the re-militarazation which led to World War II.
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U.S. Stock Market Crash
The U.S. Stock Market Crash is what officially set off the Great Depression. Unemployment increased greatly. .President Roosevelt was elected and promised a "New Deal" for America. Congress had created the WPA which offered work relief for thousands of peole ending the depression. References:
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Japan Invades Manchuria
The Manchurian railway was controlled by Japan and the claimed that China was trying to sabotage the railway, so Japan attacked China. China appealed to the League of Nations. They told Japan to withdraw from China but instead they invaded them. References:
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Hitler becomes Germany's Chancellor
The Nazis won the election for the party that woulf take over in Germany. Hitler demanded the right to be Chancellor. President Hindenburg hoped for a stable goverment so he agreed to Hitler's request and Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. References:
Shmoop,. 'World War II Timeline Of Important Dates'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Japan Withdraws from the League of Nations
The Japanese delegation withdrew from the League of Nations because of a report blaming Japan for the events happening in Manchuria. References:
Mtholyoke.edu,. 'Untitled Document'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
Iconic Photos,. 2009. 'Japan Withdraws From The League Of Nations'. Accessed March 1 2015. More Info -
First Anti-Semitic Law is passed in Germany
Weeks after Hitler became chancellor, the S.A. initiated a campaign to boycott Jewish-owned businesses. Laws started being passed that were against Jews and decreased their rights in Germany drastically. References:
Ushmm.org,. 'Boycott Of Jewish Businesses — Photograph'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Nazi's reach a political majority in Germany
After Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, it was the end of Germany's democracy. The Nazis destroyed all basic freedoms and created a 'Volk' Community. Their idea of a "Vold" Community was that all regions and united social classes were behind Hitler. References:
The I.B.Tauris Blog,. 'Good Germans, Bad Nazis'. N.p., 2014. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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The Night of the Long Knives (Rohm Purge)
Rohm Purge was led by Hitler to execute anyone against the Nazi party. Hitler's great purge was primarly focused on getting rid of many of the SA (Sturmabteilung ) leaders and other political opponents to the the Nazis he distrusted. References:
Feb. 2015.
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Hitler openly announces to his cabinet he will defy the Treaty of Versailles
After becoming Chancellor of Germany, Hitler was determined to overturn the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler built up his army, more than the treaty allowed him to. He moved his troops into Rhineland and invaded other countries the treaty didnt allow him to. References:
Musson, Max. 'Was Hitler A Nationalist?'. Western Spring. N.p., 2013. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Creation of the Nuremberg Laws
The Nuremberg Laws had been focused on Jews in the German society to restrict their public rights. Jews had become descriminated from the rest of the German population. References:
Worldwar2headquarters.com,. 2015. 'German WWII Poster - Nuremberg Laws And Classification Of Jews'. Accessed March 2 2015.
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Italy invades Ethiopia
Mussolini led this invasion to annex Ethiopia to create a new colony of East Africa. Italians were successful in capturing and occupying Ethiopia. References:
Rarenewspapers.com,. 'Italy Invades Ethiopia IN 1935... - Rarenewspapers.Com'. N.p., 1935. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Hitler Militarizes the Rhineland
Rhineland was made into a demilitarised zone. Germany had political control over Rhineland, but many Germans didn't believe that since there was no German troops in Rhineland. Hitler went against the Treaty of Versaiiles and sent troops into Rhineland. Britain and France did nothing about it. References:
Life According to Maggie,. 'Hitler: The Treaty Transgressor'. N.p., 2013. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Rape of Nanking
Over the period of six weeks, Japanese armed forces brutally murdered many soldiers and civilians, including woman and children in the Chinese city of Nanking. These events are known as the Nankning Massacre. Women were sexually assuated, children were killed. Nanking was left in ruins and took decades to repair. References:
Dvdtalk.com,. 'DVD Savant Blu-Ray Review: City Of Life And Death'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Germany Annexes Austria
Germany marched into Austria to annex the German-speaking nation for the Third Reich. The Austrain Chancellor called a national vote to resolve the annexation. The next day Hitler and his German forces accompanied in Austria. References:
Justice for Germans,. 'Debunking The Annexation Myth - The Reunion Of Austria With Germany Was The Greatest Example Of Democracy In History'. N.p., 2013. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Hitler demands the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia
Hitler threatrened to invade Sudetenland if it was just given to him. Czechlovakia didn't agree to give it up and mobilised its army, thinking Germany was going to invade. At Munich, Britain and France didn't want any trouble with Germay and gave Sudetenland to them. References:
Sudetenland, Hitler. 2015. 'Hitler Demanded The Sudetenland'. Awesomestories.Com. Accessed March 2 2015.
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Munich Conference
The Munich Conference pleased Hitler as it handed over Sudetenland to him. It also left most of Czech's in complete domination by Germany. The western provinces of Czech were eventually forced to surrender to Germany. Then soon, the nation call Czechoslovakia, no longer exsisted. References:
Militaryimages.net,. 'Munich Conference, 1938'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Kristallnacht
All policies to Jews have been primarily nonviolent until Kristallnacht. Nazis in Germany torched syagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools, and businesses, and killed close to 100 Jews. Over 30,000 Jewish men were sent to Nazi concentration camps. Hitler and the Nazis called this the "Final Solution" for their "Jewish Problem" References
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Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
This Pact was signed by Hitler and Stalin.Secret protocals to the treaty the territorial control Germany and Russia would have after their invasion of Poland. According to this treaty, Russia would have control over Latvia, Estonia, and Finland, while Germany would gain control over Lithuania and Danzig. Poland surrendered and was soon partitioned between the both of them.
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Nazi invasion of Poland
The invasion started when Germans open fired on the Polish garrison at Danzig. Hitler saw this invasion of Poland as a gamble. The German army wasn't at full strenght, and Hitler ignored the generals request for more time to prepare. Hitler thought it would be a quick victory. References:
Fascism - Bloodshed and Corruption <br />at its Finest,. 2015. 'Benito Mussolini '. Accessed February 19 2015
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Einstein’s letter to FDR, “The Manhattan Project”
The Manhattan Project was Einstein's idea to create an atomic bomb before HItler did. Einstien asked President Rooslevelt his opinion and Roosevelt agreed to the idea, and allowed the scientist to attempt building the atomic bomb. The bomb was a success. References:
'US Government Top Secret Town: Manhattan Project ‘Atomic City’ Aka Oak Ridge TN'. N.p., 2013. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Evacuation of Dunkirk
This was the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches of Dunkirk. Naval vessels and hundreds of civilian boats were used in the evacuation. This evacuation saved about 198,000 British, and 140,000 French and Belgian troops. References:
Gwydir.demon.co.uk,. 2015. 'Battles Involving England - Second World War'. Accessed February 19 2015.
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France Surrenders
France surrenders to Germany after Germanys invasion on Wester Europe. The French government signed armistice with Nazi Germany just six weeks after their invasion of Western Europe. References:
Psywarrior.com,. 'Standard Allied Safe Conduct Passes Of WWII'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Battle of Britain
The Battle of Britain is a British victory against the Germans. Germans bombed the city of London. Britain's Royal Air Force scattered making it difficult for Germany to attack. Britain shot down many German planes, but Germans kept bombing cities in Britain, until they realized the could not beat the air force and surrendered. References:
Mail Online,. 'End Of A Valiant Era As Last Polish Pilot From The Battle Of Britain Dies Aged 97'. N.p., 2011. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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The Tripartite Pact
The Tripartite Pact was basically an agreement for countries to sign to become allies with each other.The pact formed the Axis Powers. The countries making the Axis Powers are Germany, Italy, and Japan. These countries all become allies by the signing of the Tripartite Pact. References:
Pixgood.com,. 'Pix For > Tripartite Pact'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Lend Lease Act
The Lend Lease Act was created by President Franklin Roosevelt to try and prevent any more victories for Germany. The U.S. lended a surplus of weapons, ammunition, and money to British forces to help them against Germany. References:
Histclo.com,. 'World War II Campaigns -- Arsenal Of Democracy Lend Lease'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was Hitler's plan for Germany to invade the Soviet Union. Hitler's thought this invasion would be a quick victory, and didn't plan for his troops to prepare for the winter ahead of his German troops. Both sides suffering, the decided to sign a non-aggression pact to end the battle. References
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Discovery of Majdanek
Majanek was a concentration camp and forced labour camp for Jews and Soviet war prisoners. For a short period of time it was also a death camp for the prisoners. Many deaths and murderers took place at Majdanek. References:
Ww2today.com,. '11 August 1944: Report On The Majdanek Death Camp Is “Unbelievable”'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Bombing of Pearl Harbor
The Japanese conducted a surpise torpedo attack on the U.S. Naval Base Pearl Harbor. Hundreds of Japanese planes dropped bombs on Pearl Harbor, which was too much for the U.S's 33 ships to handle and ended up being a Japanese victory.
References:
Encyclopedia Britannica,. 'Pearl Harbor Attack | Japanese-United States History'. N.p., 2014. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Creation of the United Nations
The Creation of the United Nations was created by the Arcadia Confernece, led by the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. The goal for the United Nations was to have everyone work together as a whole, and to ensure life, liberty, independence, religious freedom, and to perserve the rights of man and justice. References:
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The Wannsee Conference and the “Final Solution”
The Wannsee Conference was held to determine "The Final Solution for the Jewish Question". The result of this conference was to round up the all the Jews and send them to extermination camps in the General Government, where they would all be killed. References:
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Bataan Death March
The Bataan Death March began when the Japanese assembled a large group of American and Filipino prisoners to march up the east coast of Bataan. Their destination was Camp O'Donnell. Prisoners had become very weakened by hunger and disease. Those who could not keep up in the march were executed. References:.
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Doolittle Raid
The Doolittle Raid was the United Stated first air raid attack to strike Japanese home islands. The U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched out of the aircraft and onto combat. This battle was significant because it boosted American morale in the war. References:
Nationalmuseum.af.mil,. 2015. 'Factsheets : Doolittle Raid'. Accessed March 11 2015.
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Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway was a sea and air battle. Japan targeted to attack Midway island, but the U.S. commander in chief knew about this invasion Japan planned. The U.S. defended the island when Japanese attacked. The battle ended with the American forces defeating the Japanese forces in the Central Pacific. References:
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Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the largest and deadliest battles of the war. German air forces started the battle by bombing the Volga River and the city of Stalingrad. The Soviet forces fought back and were not going to give up. The battle ended in a German loss. References:
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Operation Torch
Operation Torch was an Allied invasion of France. It was the first time the Americans and British had come together and worked on an invasion plan together. France surrendered to the Allied forces. References:
Ibiblio.org,. 'Hyperwar: US Army In WWII: American Military History [Chapter 22]'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Island Hopping
Island Hopping was a military strategy used by the Allies General, Douglas MacArthur. The Allies employed this strategy during the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis Powers. They used this method to go from island to island that Japan had invaded, and to try to attempt a victory against Japan by trying this fighting style. References
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Operation Overlord and D-Day
Operation Overlord was an Allied invasion of France. The plan for the Allies was to land both a large amount of men and equipment on five of France's islands. This strategy was created to mislead the Germans to the intended invasion target. This battle ended with an Allied victory and a German defeat. References:
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Operation Valkyrie
Operation Valkyrie was Stauffenberg's attempted assasination of Hitler. This was an Allied plan. Stauffenberg smuggled an explosive-filled breifcase into Hitler's meeting. Then made an excuse to leave to watch his plan turn to a success , just to find out that Hitler survived the explosion. References:
Miscellanarian.wordpress.com,. '2011 | The Miscellanarian | Page 3'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was a major surprise German attack in Europe. It was Germany's final attemp to drive the Allies of Europe's mainland. The battle ended up being an Allied victory. References:
Angelfire.com,. 'Battle Of The Bulge Pictures'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Hitler’s Suicide
After the end of WWII, Hitler decided to tale his life in an undergroud bunker under the Chancellery building in Berlin, Germany. Hitler shot himself in the head after swallowing cyanide. Hitler, his wife, and the rest of his family all ended their lives in undergroud bunker that day. References:
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V-E Day
V-E Day was marked as the formal conclusion of Hitler's war. Germany surrendered its armed forces to the Allies, ending the miserable six year war. Which created the celebration of Victory in Europe Day. References:
Www1.toronto.ca,. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The Atomic Bombing Hiroshima and Nagasaki was when the United States used a massive, atomic weapon against Japan. Killing tens of thousands of people, the U.S. struck again in the city of Nagasaki. After this atack WWII ended with the surrender of the Japanese.
References:
English.illinois.edu,. 'A Photo-Essay On The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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V-J Day
V-J Day was the celebration called Victory over Japan Day. This was the day the Japanese surrendered to the Allies to end the war. References:
History.com,. 2015. 'End Of World War II — New Yorkers Celebrate VJ Day — History.Com Photo Galleries'. Accessed February 19 2015.
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The Nuremberg Trials
After the war, those who were responsible of crimes during the Holocaust were brought to trial. The judges were from the Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, The Soviet Union, and the United States) Twenty-two Nazis were trialed, and twelve were sentenced to death. References:
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The Japanese War Crime Trials
After the war, Japanese who were accused of commiting war crimes or crimes of humanity during the war were brought to trial.
After the trials ended 25 out of the 28 Japanese defendants were declared guilty. References:
History.com,. 'End Of World War II — New Yorkers Celebrate VJ Day — History.Com Photo Galleries'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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The beginning of the Cold War
Tension between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. never ended after World War II. The Cold War was marked as a continuous rivalry between two former World War II allies. This is how the beginning of the Cold War started. References:
Coldwar.me,. 'Cold War For Kids & Students'. N.p., 2015. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.
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