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Japan Invades Manchuria
It started Japanese aggression against China and Indochina. Japan intended to create a Japanese sphere of economic domination, trying to solve economic problems through expansion. -
Munich Pact
Munich Pact and France agreed to allow Hitler to take more land, in exchange for Hitler's agreement to seek more territory. Hitler broke the pact less than a few months later by continuing to take territory, ending the European policy of appeasement. -
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Kristallnacht
From November 9 through November 10, 1939, an incident was known as Kristallnacht. Nazis torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools, and businesses, and killed close to 100 Jews. -
Neutrality Acts of 1939
Cash and Carry allowed nations to buy goods from the US if they paid Cash upfront and carried the merchandise on their own ships. -
Germany Invades Poland
Germany's invasion of Poland led to France and Britain declaring war on Germany. Germany utilized the strategy of blitzkrieg and quickly invaded France and launched devasting air raids on Britain. -
Lend-Lease Act
Congress authorizes Roosevelt to sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, and lend. Dispose of any government and defense article. He thought it was necessary for the interest of the defense of the United States. -
Atlantic Charter
A broad statement of the US and British war aims, it endorsed self-determination and an international system of general security. Also it showed FDR's commitment to opposing German and Japanese agression. -
Executive Order 8802
Philip Randolph threatened to organize a march on Washington demanding equal access to war-time jobs. FDR issued Executive Order 8802, prohibiting ehtinic or racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry. -
Atlantic Conference
Atlantic Conference and FDR alliance strengthened between US and Great Britain by signing the Atlantic Charter. -
Atlantic Conference
Atlantic Conference Churchill and FDR alliance strengthened between US and Great Britain by signing the Atlantic Charter. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Suprise attack launched by the Japanese against Pearl Harbor naval base, as well as nearby airfields. Japan attack in response to US embargoes and because it saw the US pacific fleet as a threat to its growing empire. 2400 Americans were killed, 1300 wounded and 19 US ships were sunk or damaged -
Executive Order 9066
Executive Order authorized the internment of Americans of Japanese descent and resident aliens from Japan. Issued in regards Americans and resident aliens. Japanese residents and Americans of Japanese descent were ordered to sell their property and belonging and report for deportation to camps i the inland deserts. -
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Battle of Midway
Victory at Midway stopped the Japanese advance and put them on the defensive. The Battle of midway was a turning point i the Pacific War. The major naval i the pacific theater of WWII which the Battle of Midway. -
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Operation Torch
Operation Torch was the invasion of North Africa was launched to fee the Mediterranean Sea from German control and protect the oil form fields in the Middle East. Took pressure of the USSR, but the Soviet's fierce resistance to the Germans Stalingrad turned the tid eon the eastern front. -
D-Day (invasion of Normandy)
The invasion of Normandy on D-Day finally provided the long-awaited Western front. Germany was engaged on 3 fronts and had to divert resources to a western front. -
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Battle of the Bulge
Battle of the Bulge was the last German offensive and the beginning of the end for the Nazis. American, British, and French marched towards Berlin from the west after the Battle of the Bulge. Soviets marched from the west. -
Korematsu v. United States
Fred Korematsu was a Japanese American who refused to leave his home per the Executive Order. Fred took his case to the Supreme Court, arguing that internment violated his Constitutional rights. Korematsu lost and the Supreme Court upheld Japanese internment as Constitutional. -
Yalta Conference
Yalta Conference - Churchill, FDR, Stain Final plans for the defeat of Europe and began discussion of post war European Plans -
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Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
President Truman dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to prevent the necessity for landing and fighting on the Japanese home islands. The bombs killed thousands of people. Japanese surrendered unconditionally and no invasion was necessary after the bombs were dropped. -
United Nations is created
The United Nation was founded in 1945. United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that is tasked to promote international cooperation and to maintain international order. -
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Nuremberg Trails
The Nuremberg Trails began Nov 20, 1945, and ended Oct 1, 1946. Hitler committed suicide and escaped prosecution. Other Nazi officers and civilians were charged with crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg Trails. -
Truman Doctrine
Was an American foreign policy whose stated purpose was to contain Soviet expansion during the Cold War. The Truman Doctrine pledged to contain communism in Europe and was first applied when the United States supplied military and financial. -
Marshall Plan
The US offered financial aid to promote economic rebuilding and prevent the fall of European countries to communism The marshall plan was an American initiative passed in 1948 foreign aid to Western Europe. -
Israel is established
The US supported the self-determination of the Jewish people with the creation of the Jewish state of Israel. It demonstrates the impact of German war crimes on the conscience of the US and the world. -
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Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Airlift began 1949 through 1949. The first test of the US policy by the Soviet Union came when the Soviets blockaded Berlin. The US supplied the people of Berlin with food, water, and other supplies via air drips. -
US established NATO
In 1949, a series of events increased Cold War fears, established a military alliance aimed at the Soviet Union. In 1955, the Soviet Union organized the Warsaw Pact. Nato was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere. -
Soviet Union tests Atomic Bomb
The Soviet Union tested an atomic bomb on Aug 29, 1949. It led the United States to accelerate the development of the hydrogen bomb and began a nuclear arms race. It was a research and development program approved by Joseph Stalin during WWII in the Soviet Union to develop nuclear weapons. -
Korean Conflict
In 1959, communist North Korea invaded South Korea. The Truman administration believed this invasion had been orchestrated by the Soviet Union and urged the United States to take action. The United Nation voted unanimously to demand a ceasefire and support police action. -
Soviet Union launches Sputnik
The space race took off when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik on Oct 4, 1957. -
National Defense Education Act
The US Congress passed the National Defense Education Act to promote science and math skills. Counteract the fear that consumerism had made Americans less competitive and less likely to win the arms race. This act became one of the most successful legislative initiatives in higher education. -
Rise of Berlin Wall (Construction begins)
The Berlin Wall was built in 1961, they put up a wall to keep Western fascists from entering East Germany and undermining the socialist state. The Berlin Wall became a symbol of the Cold War to keep people from escaping to freedom in the west through Berlin. -
Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan on Dec 24, 1979, to prop up a friendly government. The US supported the Afghan rebel group that became the Taliban, which aided and sheltered Al Qaeda. The Soviet-Afghan was a conflict wherein insurgent groups as well as smaller groups, fought a nine-year guerrilla war against the Soviet Army. -
Fall of Berlin Wall
The fall of Berlin in 1989 was considered the end of the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall was a pivotal event in World History that marked the falling of the Iron Curtain and the start of the fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe.