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Causes of WWII pt.1
In the 1920’s to the 1930’s, Totalitarian states arose in Germany, Italy, Spain, the Soviet Union, and Japan, they became very imperialistic, taking over more land. Hitler, in 1920, joined the National Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazis) and by 1933 he became chancellor of Germany. His Government went against the treaty of Versailles by stopping all reparations, as they built up their military. -
Causes of WWII pt.2
In August 1939, Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union, even though the Communists hated the Nazis and the other way around. When Hitler threatened to invade Czechoslovakia, British and French leaders met with him in Munich and in exchange for Sudetenland, Hitler Promised not to invade the rest of Czechoslovakia, this promise was short lived. aggression in other parts of the world. -
Causes of WWII pt.3
Unfortunately, the “League of Nations” was not effective in preventing aggression in other parts of the world. It was supposed to help maintain world peace, but it was too weak, and did not have any military force. -
Canada's response pt.2
Clarine Wilson (Canada’s first female senator and chair of the Canadian National Committee on Refugees.) spoke out against the banning of Jewish refugees from Canada. -
Canada's response Pt.1
Throughout the early 30’s, Canada was practicing isolationism, keeping out of affairs not within our borders. The Canadian economy was slowly improving, and King did not want the country plunged back into debt. Like King, many Canadians believed that what was happening in Germany was a domestic issue and wouldn’t affect them. There were many with mixed feelings about the Jewish peoples; some supported their immigration, while others were anti-Semites and opposed Jewish immigration. -
The Beginning pt.1
On September 8th, King called a special session of Parliament to collectively decide whether Canada would join the war, and on September 10th, 1939, Canada declared war on Germany. In December 1939, Canada hosted and ran the British Commonwealth Ari Training Plan (BCATP). Pilots as well as other flight personnel from all over the commonwealth came to Canada to train with British instructors. The BCATP trained more than 130000 pilots, navigators, flight engineers, and ground crew. -
The Beginning pt.2
Demands of total war meant that the federal Gov became more involved in planning and controlling the economy. In April 1940 the Department of Munitions and Supply was created, and industrialist C.D. Howe (who was given extraordinary authority) was put in charge. -
Crimes Against Humanity
Racist and anti-Semitic views were prominent and in play in the early 1940’s.” The final solution”; in effort of the Nazi government to support Hitler and his plan of a superior race, created several concentration camps. The camps stripped all ‘undesirables’ of all human rights we know today and many of them were murdered. -
Crimes Against Humanity continued
After war had ended International Military Tribunals were put in place to prosecute Nazi leaders by death or imprisonment for atrocities committed during the Second World War. In the same way Tokyo Trials in japan prosecuted Japanese liberators (POW) for mass killings , human experimentation, famines, tortures and forced labour after the second world war. In the end an astounding estimation of 6 million Jews, 5 million Roma Slavs and unknown number of Japanese were killed. -
The Axis advances I Pt.1
The allies (Britain, France, and commonwealth countries) raced to get their forces organized and the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan became known as the Axis. Within days of initiating an attack on France through Belgium, German tanks reached the English Channel and surrounded Allied forces in the French port of Dunkirk. They had no escape, and in an act of desperation, hundreds of non-military boats headed towards Dunkirk, nearly 340000 soldiers were brought to safety in Britain. -
Axis Advance I pt.2
After a series of bombings, the RAF (Royal Air Force) Bombed Berlin in retaliation. Hitler then ordered raids on London and other British cities; this became known as “the Blitz”. During the Battle of Britain, more than 23000 people, mostly innocent civilians, were killed. -
The Axis Advances
The axis alliance, consisting of Germany, Italy, And Japan, had a goal of gaining valuable resources and strategic positions in Northern Africa: a campaign that would last for three years from 1940 to 1942. Because of many at war and fighting for land, Italy invaded Abyssinia, who entered on the land of the Axis. The British then attacked Libya (then an Italian Colony), which resulted in Italy attacking the Suez Canal. The axis had to get a hold of their land, so they took -
The Axis Advances 2
over the Suez Canal and the Strait of Gibraltar, two very important sites leading to oil in the Middle East. The allied won after three years. The operation Barbarossa was an attack by Germany on the Soviet Union for materials and land. They invaded with ease at first, but then became weaker as the cold winter came about. After giving up in early 1943, the Soviet Union took back all of their land. -
How Canada Helped
To help with the war, Canada offered their Navy and Air force. In the beginning, Canada’s Navy was incredibly small, but by the end of a long training program, they had vastly more ships and sailors. By 1941, the Battle of the Atlantic was going on and Canada was a big help. Although, our approach was stalled by Germany’s U-Boats, restricting Britain’s food -
How Canada Helped (2)
and military supplies. Our air force, new after WWI, was big and popular who participated in bombings in North Africa, Italy, Northwest Europe, and Southeast Asia. Women had jobs as clerks, hospital assistants, and many more jobs, but were not allowed to take part in battle or fly planes. -
Japan Provoking the U.S
Japan wanted many resources from American and European Colonies in Southeast Asia. They had a plan to quickly attack Hawaii, U.S, on December 7, 1941, when they bombed the U.S Naval Base, “Pearl Harbour”. They went on to bomb the Philippines, another American Territory. The U.S, angry, joined the Allies and declared war on Japan. Japan recognizing this, declared war with their allies (Germany and Italy) , to create a massive war around the world. -
Turn of Tides
The Soviet Union, (now a part of the Allies), were ordered by Stalin to invade Germany. Most of the allies thought they weren’t prepared, but Stalin insisted: he thought it would make for new discoveries and what to expect of the opposition. The 2nd Canadian division was the main attack force on the French port of Dieppe, whose support consisted of air force bomber and tanks. On their way to Dieppe, Canadians met up with Germans at Sea, had a brief battle, and got to Dieppe – delayed – in daylig -
Turn of the Tides (2)
ght. This allowed for German’s waiting to easily machine gun the on comers. The second, and more planned attempt, led by Winston Churchill, was planned to go to Italy, where Canada thought that we would have an easy defeat. On July 10, 1943, Allies invaded Sicily, and captured the island, resulting in the Italian Government to step down and Germany to take over their Italian land. Ortana, the 2nd attack site in Italy, was taken over by Canada after challengi -
War At Home
The combined effort of men and women in Canada led to produce over 1400 tanks and personnel carriers, 4000 air crafts and over 1600 military pieced in 1944 during the Second World War. Canadian economy and business was beginning to get back on track. People had money to spend but most of the goods were being sent to help with war. -
War At Home Continued
To prevent inflation of prices, Prime Minister, king enforced some policies for all citizens to follow. Buying victory bonds, supporting increased income tax and also food rationing were expected to be the new trends of families in Canada. Workers began to revolt to regain power, bargain and receive high wage. The Strike of 1943 led to the recognition of unions in 1944. -
D-Day: The 3 Attacks
After the invasion of Italy, the allies wanted to plan an attack on Europe with every detail thought of. Having code names for attack sites and meticulous plans for every move, the Allies were looking forward to victory. The first attack, on Juno Beach (June 6, 1944), was successful after a challenging start of getting to the beach and many Canadian soldiers dead and wounded. The second attack – The Battle of Scheldt - was to ride enemy troops from the Scheldt River (a vital river to the North S -
D-Day: The 3 Attacks (2)
ea), which ended up being a rough battle of one month. This let the Allies bring supplies in for their advance on Germany. The third, and final battle, was the Battle of Rhineland, where the Allies tried to push Germany out of the Netherlands. Twenty three thousand allied soldiers died and Germany lost ninety thousand men. On March 10, Germany gave up and retreated to the other side of Rhine River. This allowed the Allies to move forwards with their goal to free Holland. -
hiroshima continued
The project consisted of a friendly effort between the U.S.A to conjoin both countries supplies and materials to construct an atom bomb. Three days after Hiroshima, a second bomb was dropped in Nagasaki. The combination of bombings became successful, killing nearly 100 000 Japanese and another 100 000 Japanese wounded. The war came to an end when Japan surrendered August 14 1945. -
Hiroshima
Near the ending of the war the Japanese military was slowly losing power. Americans desperately needed Japan to surrender so that they could control the Pacific Ocean. An atom bomb seemed to fulfill a complete abolishment of what was left of the Japanese military; so on August, 6, 1945 the Americans sent a bomber plane to drop the “Manhattan project” over Hiroshima city. -
Change in canada
Canadians supported many Allies, militarily, economically and financially during the Second World War. The generous financial aid the Canadians gave to the allies created an economic boom back home. New jobs arose in the oil and agricultural industries. Canada had evolved from the little British colony to a modern industrialized nation. From their hard work into supporting the wars efforts women’s social status was also raised -
Change in canada continued
. Canada experienced another great wave of immigrants flowing in after the success of the second war with foreign brides married to soldiers during the fight. Upon the center of the world stage Canada now sat as major player in world conflict. The World wars turned out to be a defining event for Canada as a whole.
