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Japan invades Manchuria
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Fascist Italy invades, conquers, and annexes Ethiopia
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Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treaty of cooperation
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Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pack directed again the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement
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Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific
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Germany incorporates Austria in the Anschluss
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Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich Agreement which forces the Czechoslovak Republic to cede the Sudetenland
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Under German pressure, the Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic. The Germans occupy the rump Czech lands in violation of the Munich agreement, forming a Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
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France and Great Britain guarantee the integrity of the borders of the Polish State
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Fascist Italy invades and annexes Albania
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Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression agreement and a secret codicil dividiing eastern Europe into spheres of influence
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Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe
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Honoring their guarantee of Poland's borders, Great Britain and France declare war on Germany
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The Soviet Union invades Poland from the east
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Warsaw surrenders on September 27. The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them
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The Soviet Union invades Finland.
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Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrenders on the day of the attack; Norway holds out until June 9.
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Germany attacks Western Europe
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Italy enters the war. Italy invades southern France on June 21
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The air war known as the Battle of Britain ends in defeat for Nazi Germany
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The Soviet Union occupies the Baltic States on June 14-18 engineering Communist coup d'etats in each of them on July 14-15
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The Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to the Soviet Ukraine
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The Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya.
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Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact
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Italy invades Greece from Albania on October 28
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Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania join the Axis
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The Germans send the Africa Korps to North Africa to reinforce the faltering Italians
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Bulgaria joins the Axis.
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Japan bombs Pearl Harbor
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Soviet troops liberate Kiev