-
2.5 mill men from colonies fought ww1
-
egyp- protectorate 1.2 mill men help dfnd egy
100,000 egy men fought in eu, half died.
most fought ger colonies in afr,
in eu- mostly worked as labourers -
5 mill men from brit isles fought ww1
-
1.3 mill inds fought
conscription never intro- 4x more than other colonies combined -
gandhi back in ind- 1915
was made president on INC -
gandhi tours and help of country
helped in a tax dispute in gujarat
and in ahmebad a textile dispute -
ind gave £100 mill to brit war effort
-
jew pop palestine 1918= 9%
-
nehru
president of national congress, 1928 and 1919
wanted industralised india and a muslim league -
treaty of versailled 1919
strip ger of colonies now become mandates -
amritsar massacre/ jalinnwala bagh
crowd gather jalinwala bah- celebrate holiday , officer dyre bring his men and machine guns and fire into crowd, killing men women and childre, told them to fire where there is the densest crowd.
led to ganhi, taking action, lost of brits moral supremacy 'more civilised' -
SATYAGRAHA - gandhi 1919
peace- all achieve with peace.
fought for dalit- intouchables, community and was against the caste systeem -
gov of ind act 1919
split gov into 2
upper body where 34 out of 60 officials were elected- more educated and skilled
lower body- provincial council wher 104 out of 144 mbs were elected- give representation to indians.
also known as the montagu-chelmsford reforms
montagu-secrtr state, chelmsfd- viceroy
DYARCHY- two governing bodies
allowed representation on votes, muslims and sikhs allowed to resume seats in parlmnt -
rowlatt act 1919
allowed the british to act as they saw fit, respond to things with violence- led to amritsar massacre -
non- co-op movement 1920s
failed, lead to a violent uprising, was meant to show swaraj- self rule., was ended due to chauri chaura incident 4 february 1922 where they set fire to a police station. -
treaty of sevres
took away the the ottoman empires territory -
irlnd indepn 1922
-
white paper- 1927 leo amery
argues for trusteeship- mostly in east africa, give them more governance and influence over their own country -
simon commmission
give princely states more freedom and incorporate them into a united federal india- under ultimate brit rule, many didnt want to -
round table conference
in 1930s - ganhi didnt attend he was arrested due to salt marches, overall no dom status given to india -
civil disobedient movement 30-31
in form of mass movements
salt marches and just contradicitng brit rule -
salt march
undertook a 240 mile salt march on the 12 march 1930 to make salt from sea water, as a defiance to the brits monopoly and tax on salt -
more civil disobed mvmnt 1931-32
-
statue of westminister 1931
dominions become autonomous -
jew pop pales 1931= 16.9%
-
iraq lost
nvr rlly stable- lost after 12 yrs of rule. -
gov of ind act 1935
led by linthigow- viceroy at time
gave more provicial govs
not enough, allowed more ppl to vote
ppl want independe -
sir stafford cripps sent by churchill- dom status ind
they refused only want full independence -
jpn seize malaya, burma, hong kong
ready to invade india, brit fears
end white invincibility idea -
INA- chandra bose
made in 1942, challenge brit rule by aligning with axis powers and destabilis from within. -
quit india campaign 1942
led by gandhi- undermined brits during war -
jpn take singapore 1942 feb
shows idea of white supremacy defeated