World War II Timeline

By Mrs. Chasan
  • Period: to

    World War II

  • Japan invades Manchuria

  • Fascist Italy invades, conquers, and annexes Ethiopia.

  • Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy sign a treat of cooperation.

  • Rome-Berlin Axis is announced.

  • Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan sign the Anti-Comintern Pact

    Anti-Comintern Pact was directed against the Soviet Union and the international Communist movement.

  • Japan invades China, initiating World War II in the Pacific.

  • Germany incorporates Austria in the Anschluss.

    From March 11-13th

  • Germany, Italy, Great Britain, and France sign the Munich agreement.

    Munich agreement forces the Czechoslovak Republic to cede the Sudetenland, including the key Czechoslovak military defense positions, to Nazi Germany.

  • Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic.

    Under German pressure, the Slovaks declare their independence and form a Slovak Republic. The Germans occupy the rump Czech lands in violation of the Munich agreement, forming a Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.

  • France and Great Britain guarantee the integrity of the borders of the Polish state.

  • Fascist Italy invades and annexes Albania.

  • Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression agreement.

    Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a nonaggression agreement and a secret codicil dividing eastern Europe into spheres of influence.

  • Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe.

  • Great Britain and France declare war on Germany.

    Honoring their guarantee of Poland’s borders, Great Britain and France declare war on Germany.

  • The Soviet Union invades Poland from the east.

  • Warsaw surrenders on September 27.

    The Polish government flees into exile via Romania. Germany and the Soviet Union divide Poland between them.

  • The Soviet Union invades Finland, initiating the so-called Winter War.

    The Soviet Union invades Finland, initiating the so-called Winter War. The Finns sue for an armistice and have to cede the northern shores of Lake Lagoda and the small Finnish coastline on the Arctic Sea to the Soviet Union.

  • Germany invades Denmark and Norway.

    Germany invades Denmark and Norway. Denmark surrenders on the day of the attack; Norway holds out until June 9.

  • Germany attacks western Europe—France and the neutral Low Countries.

    Luxembourg is occupied on May 10; the Netherlands surrenders on May 14; and Belgium surrenders on May 28. On June 22, France signs an armistice agreement by which the Germans occupy the northern half of the country and the entire Atlantic coastline. In southern France, a collaborationist regime with its capital in Vichy is established.

  • Italy enters the war.

    Italy invades southern France on June 21.

  • The Soviet Union occupies the Baltic States on June 14–18.

    The Soviet Union occupies the Baltic States on June 14–18, engineering Communist coup d’états in each of them on July 14–15, and then annexing them as Soviet Republics on August 3–6.

  • The Soviet Union forces Romania to cede the eastern province of Bessarabia and the northern half of Bukovina to the Soviet Ukraine.

  • The Italians invade British-controlled Egypt from Italian-controlled Libya.

  • Germany, Italy, and Japan sign the Tripartite Pact.

  • Italy invades Greece from Albania on October 28.

  • Slovakia (November 23), Hungary (November 20), and Romania (November 22) join the Axis.

  • Bulgaria joins the Axis.

  • Germany, Italy, Hungary, and Bulgaria invade and dismember Yugoslavia.

    Yugoslavia surrenders on April 17. Germany and Bulgaria invade Greece in support of the Italians. Resistance in Greece ceases in early June 1941.

  • Nazi Germany and its Axis partners (except Bulgaria) invade the Soviet Union.

    Finland, seeking redress for the territorial losses in the armistice concluding the Winter War, joins the Axis just before the invasion. The Germans quickly overrun the Baltic States and, joined by the Finns, lay siege to Leningrad (St. Petersburg) by September. In the center, the Germans capture Smolensk in early August and drive on Moscow by October. In the south, German and Romanian troops capture Kiev (Kyiv) in September and capture Rostov on the Don River in November.

  • Japan bombs Pearl Harbor.

  • The United States declares war on Japan, entering World War II.

    Japanese troops land in the Philippines, French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia), and British Singapore. By April 1942, the Philippines, Indochina, and Singapore are under Japanese occupation.

  • Nazi Germany and its Axis partners declare war on the United States.

  • The British bomb Köln (Cologne).

    The British bomb Köln (Cologne), bringing the war home to Germany for the first time. Over the next three years Anglo-American bombing reduces urban Germany to rubble.

  • British and US navies halt the Japanese naval advance in the central Pacific at Midway.

  • Germany and her Axis partners launch a new offensive in the Soviet Union.

    German troops fight their way into Stalingrad (Volgograd) on the Volga River by mid-September and penetrate deep into the Caucasus after securing the Crimean Peninsula.

  • German occupation of southern France

    US and British troops land at several points on the beaches of Algeria and Morocco in French North Africa. The failure of the Vichy French troops to defend against the invasion enables the Allies to move swiftly to the western border of Tunisia, and triggers the German occupation of southern France on November 11.

  • Nazi survivors of the Sixth Army surrender.

    Soviet troops counterattack, breaking through the Hungarian and Romanian lines northwest and southwest of Stalingrad and trapping the German Sixth Army in the city. Forbidden by Hitler to retreat or try to break out of the Soviet ring, the survivors of the Sixth Army surrender on January 30 and February 2, 1943.

  • Axis forces in Tunisia surrender to the Allies, ending the North African campaign.

  • US and British troops land on Sicily. By mid-August, the Allies control Sicily.

  • British and US troops successfully land on the Normandy beaches of France, opening a “Second Front” against the Germans.

  • Allied troops reach Paris.

    On August 25, Free French forces, supported by Allied troops, enter the French capital. By September, the Allies reach the German border; by December, virtually all of France, most of Belgium, and part of the southern Netherlands are liberated.

  • US troops land in the Philippines.

  • Battle of the Bulge.

    The Germans launch a final offensive in the west, known as the Battle of the Bulge, in an attempt to re-conquer Belgium and split the Allied forces along the German border. By January 1, 1945, the Germans are in retreat.

  • Soviets launch a new offensive, liberating Warsaw and Krakow.

    The Soviets launch a new offensive, liberating Warsaw and Krakow in January, capturing Budapest after a two-month siege on February 13, driving the Germans and their Hungarian collaborators out of Hungary in early April, forcing the surrender of Slovakia with the capture of Bratislava on April 4, and capturing Vienna on April 13.

  • Soviets launch their final offensive, encircling Berlin.

  • Hitler commits suicide.

  • Allied troops conquer Okinawa.

    Allied troops conquer Okinawa, the last island stop before the Japanese islands.

  • Germany surrenders to the western Allies.

  • Germany surrenders to the Soviets.

  • The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima.

  • Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria.

  • United States drops an atomic bomb on Nagasaki.

  • Japan formally surrenders, ending World War II.

    Having agreed in principle to unconditional surrender on August 14, 1945, Japan formally surrenders, ending World War II.